History Chapters 4 and 5
What is desertification?
It was a process where the Sahara's lakes, rivers, and grasslands dried up and the fertile soil hardend.
What is a caravan?
Thousands of mercahnts and camels traveling together in a group.
What is terra cotta?
It is fire baked clay to create sculptures of people.
Who are mariners?
They are sailors.
Who were the earliest Bantu speakers?
The earliest Bantu speakers were fishers and farmers.
What is the savanna?
A lush tropical grassland.
What was the perpose of an oasis?
Merchants used to stop at an oasis to trade. Oases grew into towns and became wealthy trade centers.
What is another word for king in Africa?
Mansa.
There are strong winds from April to October. What are these winds called?
They are called monsoons.
How did the Bantu's numbers grow.
They grew thanks to their mastery of iron.
When the lakes, rivers, grasslands, the soil dried up, what happened?
People and animals migrated to better land with water.
What are commodities?
It is another word for trade goods.
What is oral tradition?
This was how Africans passed down histories and stories.
What is a dhow?
A big, sturdy ship.
What is lingua franca?
It is a language comonly used by many different groups of people.
What happened to the North Africans when other people found it impossible to cross the Sahara?
North Africa developed independently from the rest of Africa.
How much was salt worth in the Ancient world?
Salt was worth almost as much as gold.
Who were the griots?
They were a class of special storytellers.
What are Muslim rulers called?
They are called sultans.
What does depleted mean?
It means used up.
What is trans-Saharan trade?
It is trade across the Sahara.
A metal that is found in a rock.
Iron.
What is a hub?
A trading center.
What are city-states?
These are cities that control the surronding villages and towns.
Goods and services
What is tribute?