Military
This French general led his army to multiple stunning victories in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This revolution in the Caribbean led by Toussaint Louverture allowed the indigenous to break free from over 150 years of French rule.
Haitian Revolution
Niccolo Machiavelli’s most-well known text, which is an instructional guide, is regarded as one of the first works of modern political philosophy.
The Prince
The Seven Years War was fought between two major powers: Great Britain and another European country.
France
Joseph Conrad’s novel, Heart of Darkness, portrays the brutal occupation of The Congo by this nation.
Belgium
This general conquered the Persian Empire in 4th Century BCE.
Alexander the Great
The individual most commonly associated with The Reign of Terror during the French Revolution.
Maximilien Robespierre
The largest bank in Europe in the 15th century founded by a politically-influential family.
The Medici Bank
The emperor who ruled over the Holy Roman Empire during the 8th and 9th centuries.
Charlemagne
In 1884, the European imperialist powers gathered at the this conference to decide how they would divide Africa among themselves.
Berlin Conference
This battle in 1942 in the Eastern Front greatly halted German advances during WWII.
Stalingrad
The proclamation of the People’s Republic of China in ________ (this year) marked the end of the Chinese Civil War.
1949
Early Northern Renaissance artists such as Jan van Eyck are associated with oil painting, whereas Italian Renaissance artists such as Michelangelo commonly employed a different painting technique.
Fresco
This Russian Tsar embarked on The Grand Embassy between 1697 to 1698.
Peter the Great
Before the Japanese takeover in 1914, this European power controlled the Chinese port city of Qingdao.
Germany
This British admiral, who shares his surname with a famous royal, played a decisive role in both WWII and the subsequent Partition of India in 1947.
Louis Mountbatten
Horatio Gates led the colonial army to a decisive victory during the American Revolution at this battle.
Battle of Saratoga
The head of the Catholic Church from 1523 to 1534 who commissioned arts by Raphael and Michelangelo, but also known for denying King Henry VIII’s annulment to Catherine of Aragon.
Pope Clement VII
During the Second World War, minor European nations that sided with the Axis - Germany and Italy - include Romania, Bulgaria, Finland, the Slovak Republic, and one more country.
Hungary
Rudyard Kipling “justified” European imperialism under the means of expanding civilization to the “uncivil” world in his 1899 poem.
White Man's Burden
Elite infantrymen of the Ottoman Empire who were conscripted during their childhood, converted to Islam, and given intense military training to serve the Sultan.
Janissaries
The Russian city of St. Petersburg was renamed by the Bolsheviks from 1914-1924 to this.
Petrograd
Johannes Gutenberg’s career prior to inventing the printing press and publishing the Gutenberg Bible (1452).
Goldsmith
This Prussian politician significantly contributed to the unification of the German empire in the late 19th Century.
Otto von Bismarck
In 1896, Ethiopia became the first and only African country to successfully defend itself against its European invaders with a decisive victory against the Italians in this battle.
Battle of Adwa