Early Colonial Settlement
What type of system was used to encourage people to come to Virginia?
Headright system
What was the main type of economy in the southern colonies?
Plantation economy based on cash crops like tobacco rice and indigo.
What is mercantilism?
The definition of Mercantilism is an economic theory/system where countries had stock piles of Gold and Silver and wanted to export more than they imported?
T/F: The southern colonies remained almost entirely culturally isolated during the colonial period.
False. As the southern colonies established themselves, they attracted many new settlers from a wide range of European countries and religions. Germans, Scots, and Scots-Irish were key immigrant groups to the southern colonies.
To what extent did the British victory in the French and Indian War represent a turning point in colonial attitudes toward Great Britain?
After winning the war, Great Britain taxed the colonies to pay off the debt and limit the westward expansion. This angered the colonists and resulted in the war coming to a turning point that ultimatly lead to independence.
What major cash crop did the European countries take advantage of in the Americas?
“Brown Gold.” In 1612, John Rolfe crossed bread tobacco with Brazilian weed, resulting in a high-quality tobacco.
Why did southern colonies develop fewer cities and towns?
Because plantations were self-sufficient and rivers allowed direct shipping, so they didn't need cities for trade.
What important role did Sir Edmund Andros play in the colonies?
Sir Edmund Andros was a royal governor of The Dominion of New England. He had strict royal authorities, even raising taxes.
Name two achievements of Benjamin Franklin
-- Scientific achievements including the lightning rod, bifocals, a new type of stove.
-- Political achievements applying Enlightenment ideas to the concepts of natural rights, freedom, and limited government which the founding fathers would promote.
How did economic competition and territorial disputes between Great Britain and France lead to the outbreak of the French and Indian War?
Economic competition and land disputes in the Ohio River Valley caused the War due to both parties wanting to control the river valley for trade and expansion.
Which European country funded its colonies with Joint-Stock Companies (charter colonies)?
In 1606, King James I of England was originally funding their colonies (Virginia) with joint stock companies.
What was the biggest weakness in the northern colonies?
Cold winters and rocky terrain made large-scale agriculture difficult.
What were the Navigation Acts?
The Navigation Act was a series of laws that colonists could only trade on English or colonial ships and the majority of the goods were controlled by England. England benefited from the goods but colonists were upset.
The Great Awakening refers to the religious revival movement in the American colonies during the 1730s-1740s, in response to a decline of religious support. The movement challenged the authority of established churches and led to the establishment of new denominations, bringing many European, Native American, and African American worshippers into churches for the first time. Like the Enlightenment, the movement led people to question traditional authority structures.
What was the Proclamation of 1763, and who issued it?
The British Government issued it after the French and Indian war and it was a ban on all settlements west of the Appalachians, which established the Proclamation Line that the colonists were not to cross.
What the house first met in james town, including 2 citizens and burgesses.
The house of burgesses.
What was the sugar act and what did it cause?
The sugar act was evoked on the colonies to repay for the debt as result of the French and Indian war, which was extremely controversial throughout the colonies
What was the Glorious Revolution?
The Glorious was the overthrow of KIng James II and transferred the King’s power to William and Mary, which permanently shifted England's authority from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional one.
Describe the position of European women in northern societies.
Women in the north had many work responsibilities, but few legal rights. They were expected to work long hours in a range of work and home roles, but could not vote or hold property. Particularly in New England, strict interpretations of religion required many women to submit to their husbands. In an extreme example, the Salem witch trials demonstrated the potential for women to be mistreated with little ability to defend themselves legally.
What nation was George Washington part of, and what did he do?
He was part of the British and was a officer of a malitia
Who did john smith help the hungarians fight?
John smith helped the hungarians fight the Turks.
How did Salutary Neglect benefit the colonists?
England stopped strictly enforcing trade laws on the colonies and the colonies gained more independence. Allowing the colonies to govern themselves. While England loosely enforced its laws.
Describe the events of the Stono Rebellion.
In one of the major slave revolts of the colonial period, in 1739 about 20 slaves gathered at the Stono River near Charles Town, South Carolina, and killed several planter families. The slaves were then surrounded by a white militia, captured, and executed, with new laws put in place to discourage future revolts (which nonetheless occurred consistently).
How did British leadership and military strategy change over time (over the time of the War), and how did this impact the outcome?
The British leadership was very unorganized and ineffective, which caused losses. Later, better leaders helped defeat the French.