Advocating for Bilingual Education
Opposing Bilingual Education
Important Court Cases
Presidential Involvement
What is Happening Today?
100
World War II gave the US the push for more foreign language instruction introducing this legislation.
What is the National Defense Act of 1958?
100
Which act, passed in 2002, emphasized high stakes testing in English proficiency and encouraged a move towards English only education programs?
What is No Child Left Behind Act?
100
This 1954 Supreme Court case established that separate education is not considered equal.
What is Brown vs. Board of Education?
100
In late 2015 this president signed the Every Student Succeeds Act mandating that all schools have to demonstrate that they are improving the English language proficiency of their English-language learners.
What is Barak Obama
100
This period that we live in today is resistant to bilingual education despite growing diversity.
What is the dismissive period?
200
The Equal Educational Opportunity Act established that schools must take appropriate action to overcome language barriers in order to….?
What is provide equal access to educational opportunities?
200
Amendment 31, an initiative to end most bilingual programs, was defeated in which state in 2002?
What is Colorado?
200
This supreme court trial resulted in the following statement, "There is no equality of treatment by providing students with the same facilities, textbooks, teachers and curriculum, for students who do not understand English are effectively foreclosed from any meaningful education."
What is Lau vs. Nichols 1974?
200
Which president attempted to formalize the Lau Remedies in 1980 which would require bilingual instruction for LEP students where feasible?
What is Jimmy Carter?
200
The reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 provides funds to states in order to improve the education of limited English proficient students. What is standardized testing?
What is the No Child Left Behind Act?
300
What did Title VII Bilingual Education Act establish funding for?
What is to establish bilingual programs for students who did not speak English?
300
This initiative proposed that all children should learn English as rapidly and effectively as possible. This suggested that children will be taught English by learning in English. (Baker, 2011)
What is Proposition 227?
300
This ruling established that the state does not have the right to deny a free public education to undocumented immigrant children.
What is Plyler v. Doe 1981?
300
In 1967 this president signed the Bilingual Education Act which provided supplemental funding to school districts who were interested in special needs programs.
What is Lyndon B. Johnson?
300
Which 1983 movement is still cited today in the debate over bilingual education?
What is the US English Movement?
400
This Supreme Court case established that language programs were necessary to provide equal educational opportunities for students who are not proficient in English.
What is Lau vs. Nichols?
400
This act said that in order to become a US citizen immigrants must be able to speak English (Ovando, 2003).
What is the Naturalization Act of 1906?
400
Which Supreme Court case established bilingual education as compatible with desegregation?
What is Keyes vs. School District no. 1, Denver, Colorado?
400
Under which president was the Bilingual Education Act repealed?
What is George W. Bush?
400
This president said that school choice “is the new civil rights issues of our time”.
What is Donald Trump?
500
This prohibited the denial of access to educational programs because of a student’s limited English proficiency.
What is May 25, 1970 Memorandum?
500
In addition to California passing proposition 227, which other states passed similar “Unz Initiatives” ending most bilingual programs?
What is Arizona and Massachusetts?
500
This Federal Court trial formulated a set of guidelines in examining programs for LEP students.
What is Castañeda vs. Pickard 1981?
500
Which president stated, “It is absolutely wrong and against American concepts to have a bilingual education program that is now openly, admittedly dedicated to preserving their native language and never getting them adequate in English so they can go out into the job market and participate” (Ovando, 2003, p. 12)?
What is Ronald Regan?
500
In 2016, California passed SB 1174 to overturn which controversial legislation that dismantled bilingual education programs?
What is Proposition 227?
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