ANCIENT BRITAIN & THE ROMANS
Who were the earliest inhabitants of Britain known for building Stonehenge?
Prehistoric peoples (Neolithic people).
Which three Germanic tribes settled in Britain after the Romans left?
The Angles, Saxons and Jutes.
Who led the Norman invasion of England in 1066?
William, Duke of Normandy (William the Conqueror).
Which document was sealed by King John in 1215?
Magna Carta.
Which Tudor king had six wives?
Henry VIII.
Who was the first monarch of Great Britain after the Act of Union?
Queen Anne.
Which famous Roman general invaded Britain in 55 and 54 BC?
Julius Caesar.
Who was Alfred the Great?
He was the King of Wessex who fought against the Vikings and promoted education.
What was the name of the battle in which William defeated King Harold?
The Battle of Hastings.
Which English king is associated with the development of the jury system and common law?
Henry II.
Who was the first queen of England from the Tudor dynasty?
Mary I.
Who is generally considered Britain's first Prime Minister?
Sir Robert Walpole.
In what year did the Romans begin their successful conquest of Britain?
AD 43.
Who were the Vikings?
Seafaring warriors, traders and settlers from Scandinavia.
Where did William the Conqueror come from?
Normandy, in northern France.
What major epidemic killed millions of people in Europe, including England, in the 14th century?
The Black Death.
Which English queen ruled during the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588?
Elizabeth I.
In what year did the Boston Tea Party take place?
1773.
Which Roman emperor ordered the invasion of Britain in AD 43?
Emperor Claudius.
What was the name of the famous Anglo-Saxon poem about a hero who fights monsters?
Beowulf.
What famous document was completed in 1086 under William the Conqueror?
The Domesday Book.
What was the name of the 15th-century conflict between the Houses of Lancaster and York?
The Wars of the Roses.
What major religious change did Henry VIII introduce in England?
Henry VIII broke with the authority of the Pope and established the Church of England under royal supremacy.
Which British explorer reached the east coast of Australia in 1770?
Captain James Cook.
What was the name of the Roman wall built across northern Britain to protect the Roman province?
Hadrian’s Wall.
What is the historical connection between the Anglo-Saxons and the Vikings?
Both were peoples of northern Europe who settled in Britain at different times. The Vikings raided and settled in Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, and some areas came under Viking rule.
What was the purpose of the Domesday Book?
To record land, property and resources in much of England, helping the king assess wealth and taxation.
What were two important consequences of the Norman Conquest for English society and government?
The Norman Conquest strengthened royal authority and introduced Norman rule. Norman French became the language of the ruling elite, and land ownership was reorganised under Norman lords.
What happened during the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and what was one important result?
In 1688, James II was overthrown and William of Orange and Mary became monarchs. The revolution strengthened Parliament’s role; the 1689 Bill of Rights limited royal power.
Which British king succeeded Queen Anne in 1714?
George I.