Earth's Structure
The crust that is less dense, therefor it rises higher above the mantle.
What is continental crust?
The study of rock stata.
What is stratigraphy?
The boundary that forms when two plates collide.
What is convergent boundaries?
Preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past.
What are fossils?
Who developed the theory of Continental Drift and Seafloor Spreading?
Harry Hess
Wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth.
Jules Verne
What was the name of the super continent?
Pangea
How many mass extinctions has Earth had?
5
This dense material forms the center of the Earth.
What is the iron core?
This law refers to the position of rock layers and their relative age.
What is superposition?
When the oceanic plate sinks beneath the continent.
What is subduction?
The type of rock that fossils occur in.
What is sedimentary rock?
This measures Earthquakes on a scale of 1-10.
Richter Scale
This is what magma is called outside of the volcano.
Lava
This is an oceanic event that can occur from an underwater earthquake.
Tsunami
This layer of the Earth is beneath the crust and is made of hot, semi-solid rock.
What is the mantle?
Rock layers that extend laterally, or out to the sides.
What is the law of lateral continuity?
Subduction of oceanic plate beneath a continent plate forms what geological feature?
What is volcanoes?
Fossils give clues about these.
What arevmajor geological events and past climates?
What are the 3 different types of volcanoes?
Cinder cone
Shield
Composite (Strato cone)
Name the 3 types of rocks.
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Abyssal Plains
These types of waves move through different materials at changing speeds and provide evidence for the structure of the Earth.
What are seismic waves?
Sediments were deposited in ancient seas in horizontal, or flat, layers is this law.
What is the law of horizontality?
Plate boundaries that experience massive earthquakes.
What is transform boundaries?
fossils of ocean animals have been found at the top of Mt. Everest.This shows that the area was once at the bottom of this environment.
What is the sea?
Name one of the other two scales used to measure Earthquakes, other than the Richter Scale.
What are the two ways to date rocks?
(Like tell how old they are)
Relative Dating
Absolute Dating
We are currently living in the Quaternary Period of this Era?
Cenozoic
This crust is made mostly of basalt lavas that flow onto the seafloor.
What is oceanic crust?
Rocks that cut across all the other rocks are this in comparison with the other rock layer.
What is the youngest?
A convergent plate boundary subduction zone between two plates of oceanic lithosphere causes what type of activity?
What is volcanic activity?
List the Geologic Time Scale Era's in order:
Precambrian
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
What happens with underwater volcanic Eruptions?
Answers vary: (Up to teacher)
Looking for something around water cools and can form island chains.
Who was the father of dendrochronology?
(Studied Tree Rings)
Andrew Douglass
Name the 3 different types of plate boundaries.
Divergent
Convergent
Transform