People
Who "flew across the ocean blue in 1492" and supposedly found land he thought was "india"?
Who is Christofer Columbus.
Fun fact: he was Italian, but Italy wouldn't fund his journeys (he wanted to follow the paths of Marco Polo who had written about his sea travels and what he had found), so he went to the king and queen of Spain: Isabella and Ferdinand who agreed to fund his travels. In exchange their empire with fueled with riches from the "New World" through active land theft, murder and enslavement.
1867
What is UNDRIP?
The Universal Declaration of Rights of Indigenous Peoples passed by the UN general Assembly in 2007.
Canada, USA, Australia, New Zealand all voted against this declaration EVEN THOUGH IT WAS MEANT FOR THEM!
The declaration on the Rights of man and Citizen
What was the industrial Revolution?
Fun Fact: The Industrial Revolution is credited as the key period where carbon emissions began to rise dramatically. See the Moa Luna Laboratory chart.
What did George Washington and Alexander Hamilton (among 56 other founding fathers) write in 1776?
The USA declaration of independence
What was the enlightenment period?
A period of time where new thinking emerged beyond a devotion to the bible. This came hand in hand with the scientific revolution that predicted that technology could help explain life. This period emphasized reason, rationality, and social progress. Women began to be given more space in the public sphere. This was an essential prelude to the age of revolutions.
How did the Pope get involved in the imperial conquests of the Spanish and Portuguese empires? What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Following the "discovery" of the "West Indies" Spain and Portugal were in a feud over who could claim what land (beyond the terra nullius theory). The Pope wrote and published "Inter Catera" a document laying out the morality and legality of these imperial conquests given the perceived obligation to spread catholicism. This then led to the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 which split the world in half directing portugal and spain with one of half of the world to pursue in conquest.
What was the civil rights movement?
Black rights movement led by the NAACP and key figures like Martin luther King, Rosa Parks.
Who were some key reformer thinkers during the Scientific Revolution?
Copernicus, Galileo, newton, and Bacon.
Fun Fact: Galileo's books were banned by the catholic church and was officially on the list of forbidden reads for 400 years.
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
Key British feminist thinker of the 18th century. Wrote The Vindication of the Rights of Women and makes a logical, reasoned appeal to the hypocrisy in the "rights of man" that selectively excluded women from the public sphere by reducing their role to homemakers.
What is the process of Globalization?
How did European settlers claim land from other imperial powers?
Hint it is a latin word.
What was the Boston Tea Party?
Part of many motivators for USA independence of British Rule.
Who were some of the key critics against the capitalistic system that was emerging throughout the Industrial Revolution and the consequences it was having on human well-being? (especially in Great Britain). IE who were some key critics against industrial society?
Charles Dickens, Engles, and Karl Marx, --> wrote the communist manifesto together.
Epidemics ravaged cramped slums of cities that became rapidly urbanized throughout the industrial revolution.
Who was Pierre Elliot Trudeau and what was the critical clause in his "White Paper" that allowed Indigenous peoples to be granted equal rights?
indigneous peoples had to abandon their "Indian Status" in order to be granted equal rights under canadian law in 1969.
When did the first documented and "official" African Slaves arrive in North America?
what is 1619?
Fun Fact: The spanish, portugese, british and other imperial powers colonizing north american turned to African slaves after Indigenous slaves were being disseminated by imported diseases and were able to escape enslaved postings as they knew their land well. African slaves thus posed a higher advantage in terms fo efficiency because they were not as vulnerable to european imported diseases and they did not know the land they were being imposed on, thus they had a harder time escaping,
What was the Enconmienda system?
What was the American Civil War?
Civil war between the Union and the Confederacy over the abolition of slavery. The southern states in particular fully depended their economy on slave labour. (1861-1865). 1865 led to the abolition of slavery under the 13th amendment (recall the 'criminal' clause that still allows people to be enslaved today). This abolition involved the BUY OUT of slaves from owners in order to compensate for the owners' economic losses from their "loss of property." Slaves continued to be enslaved long after this though.
Who is credited with revolutionizing literature through the invention of movable type in a printing press?
Who is Johannes Gutenberg?
The spread of literature thus helped decentralize the church's power which was a crucial stepping stone for the Enlightenment and the scientific revolution. Furthermore, while Gutenberg is officially credited for his printing press, the moveable type technology was invented by the Chinese.
Who was Hariet Tubman?
A slave heroin that helped thousands of slaves escape through the underground railroad.
What are the 4 Geneva Conventions of 1949? (if you get 2 out of 4 i will give it to you)
1. POWs
2. Civilians
3. those at sea
4. sick and wounded
What were Jim Crow Laws?
The colloquial term for institutionalized segregation in USA.
Officially abolished in 1964 with the passing of the Civil Rights act.
BONUS question: Why was this movement called a "civil rights movement" instead of a "human rights movement?"
What is the ONE and only successful black Slave Revolt?
Hint it is 2 years after the French Revolution. They were inspired by the proletariat rebellion and the Declaration of the Rights of Man of 1789 by Marquis Lafayette--> they wanted to expose the hypocrisy and inconsistency of the declcaration that was inherently exclusive.
The Haitian Revolution led by Toussaint L'ouverture.
AKA the Black Jacobin Revolt.
Slave owners could not beleive that the slaves had carried out the revolution on their own because they understood slaves as subhuman and therefore incapable fo carrying out such a successful revolution. France and the USA continued to fund slave owners with weapons to fight against the revolting slaves. Haiti was officially independent from the French Occupation in 1804, however, European powers refused to recognize this sovereignty for a century, excluding them from international trade and governance.
What colour(s) was the most valuable and indicated wealth (in paintings and clothings) during the 18th century, specifically throughout the Dutch Golden Age.
BLUE--> very hard color to find in nature, therefore having the color blue indicated networks of trade. A certain shade of blue was specifcally imported from Afghanistan.
Purple was also a very rare colour that came from a specific crustacean in the Mediterranean.