People
Ran against Diaz, was put in jail, then escaped and led the first part of the revolution, became president, then got overthrown by Huerta
Who is Francisco Madero?
War fought between the US and Mexico, ending with the US gaining ½ of Mexico’s territory
What is the Mexican-American War?
A movement to completely change how society is organized, usually by removing and replacing a government and/or economic system.
What is Revolution?
One man took control and did the following:
removed the “no re-election” clause of the constitution
Pan, o palo” was his slogan; “Bread, or stick"
guardias rurales (countryside police)
Democracy ceased to exist
What was a Porfiriato Dictatorship?
Referred to as El Usurpador (“the usurper”), he joined the Revolution but then overthrew Madero and became dictator and needed to be overthrown
Who is Victoriano Huerta?
Miguel de Hidalgo, Mexican priest, gave a speech that kicked off the movement for independence from Spain.
What is the Grito de Dolores?
One power taking over land from another for its own economic and political benefit and setting up colonies, sending settlers, and more.
What is Colonization?
Land had been forcibly taken from the natives
The majority of Mexican citizens lived in the countryside (rural areas)
78% of the Mexican people were landless peasants (farm workers)
Most peasants were trapped in debt peonage
Most haciendas were extremely difficult places to live and treated the peasants as virtual slaves.
What was Treatment of the peasantry
Dictator who modernized a lot of Mexico but did not benefit the poor or provide personal freedoms.
Who is Porfirio Diaz?
The name for the period in time when Porfirio Diaz was dictator of Mexico
What is the Porfiriato?
The government redistributing land to peasants and poor people.
What is Agrarian Reform?
Sixteen percent of Mexicans were homeless.
Life expectancy was 30 yrs old.
In some areas of Mexico, 4 out of every 5 babies died before they reached the age of 1.
a bar of soap cost 25% of the basic wage.
Only the wealthy were able to seek an education.
What was Limited access to basic needs
Indigenous peasant revolutionary leader who led the southern armies and fought for agrarian reform (land for the peasants). Nickname: Atillta of the South
Who is Emiliano Zapata?
A document that Madero wrote that calls for the overthrow of the Diaz regime
What is the Plan de San Luis Potosi
The process of building factories, modern roads and trains, and other technologies on a big scale.
What is Industrialization?
The rurales, as well as the Bravi (Diaz’ personal police) , exploited and abused the populace
Citizens were bullied into voting for Diaz
Freedom of the press and freedom of speech were eliminated
Economic difficulties reduced personal freedoms
What are limited personal freedoms
Poor revolutionary leader of the Northern armies. Nickname: Centaur of the North
Who is Pancho Villa?
Plan de Plan prepared by Zapata, which declared Madero incapable of fulfilling the goals of the revolution
What is the Plan of Ayala?
Porfirio Diaz’s slogan that meant do what he says and you will benefit or else get beaten.
Pan o Palo AKA Bread or stick
The rurales, as well as the Bravi (Diaz’ personal police) , exploited and abused the populace
Citizens were bullied into voting for Diaz
Freedom of the press and freedom of speech were eliminated
Economic difficulties reduced personal freedoms
What was Industrialization?