wilson
how long was Wilson's presidency?
1913-1921
what was Wilson's domestic policys
Reduce tariffs, Banking reform/regulation, and Vigorous Anti-Trust Legislation
federal reserve act
created a system of decentralized banks across the US & made these banks the main banker of the region. Fed set Prime Rate, and this was the first tool to take power away from large investment banks
Progressive racism
Progressives did nothing about racial segregation and lynching because they shared the general prejudice of their times and considered other reforms to be more important because they benefited everyone in American society, not just one group. Wilson not only supported federal segregation but encouraged it. Wilson also showed biased films such as "a Birth of a Nation" which idolized the KKK
US involvement in the Dominican Republic (1916)
another example of troop involvement and government regulation, this time in the DR
how do you judge a president?
by there domestic and foreign policy
was wilsons domestic policy successful
Yes, he delivered on all of his campaign promises and within the first 2 years of his presidency, Wilson achieved 4 major pieces of legislation
fed
the board in place for the FRS, set prime rate
louis brandies
first Jewish justice, appointed by Wilson, cooperate lawyer but later worked pro-bono for progressive ideals. Introduced Brandeis Briefs and was the author of the New Freedom Legislation Package
us involvement in the virgin islands
controlled by Denmark in WW1, the US brought a propitiation of either buying or taking the VI out of fear of German U-boats, and Denmark ended up selling the VI to the US
Woodrow wilson
28 president of the us. loved the British form of choosing a party leader
new freedom legistlation
Underwood-Simmons Tariff, Federal Income Tax, Federal Reserve Act, and the Clayton Antitrust Act
prime rate
rate the federal reserve loans banks money, used to stem inflation
Brandeis Brief
a pioneering legal brief that was the first in United States legal history to rely more on a compilation of scientific information and social science than on legal citations.
Francisco Madero
Overthrew Diaz and was an early leader in the Mexican Revolution; in 1911 became president of Mexico; wanted land ownership and free, honest elections, two years later he was murdered, led to power struggles
why was he special?
first president to have a PHD. he was also a moralist
underwood Simmons tariff
lowered average tariff rates 25% on average, was the most significant lowering of tariffs at that point. Wilson essentially blackmailed Congress if they didn't pass the legislation -> Strong Armed Technique
Clayton Antitrust Act
1914 law the prohibited specific activities, more explicit than previous legislation, created the Federal Trade Commission
wilson foreign policy
Criticized previous presidents' involvement in other nations, idea that the US should lead by example rather than force. Hypocritical when he not only matched the level of involvement in foreign affairs as Roosevelt, but surpassed it. Major examples include Hati, Dominican Republic, Virgin Islands, and Mexico
General Huerta
military dictator who assumed power of Mexico in 1913 after Diaz fled, forcing President Wilson to enunciate the new doctrine of no recognition out of sympathy for opposing factions; growing diplomatic pressure from the US and his foes ultimately forced him to leave office
Moralism
relies on reason and logic, believed in social science
federal income tax
first permanent income tax, allowed with ratification of the 16th amendment, in place to replaced by tariff revenue, but only affected the wealthy (5% of population) until WW2
federal trade comission
a federal agency given independent authority to prosecute monopolies (ex, a cease and desist)
US involvement in Hati (1915)
political leaders were assassinated, marines sent by Wilson to separate opposing sides, troops goal was to rewrite the Hatian constitution, and pulled out once a pro-us leader was put into power. When an anti-US leader was put into power, troops were sent back and so on and so on initiating coups and controlling who was in power
USS Dolphin
the ship in which American soldiers were arrested in the port of Tampico under Huerta's control, even though they were released, it still gave the US reason to fight