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President Theodore Roosevelt
Believed government’s role was to ensure fairness between workers, consumers, and big business and Implemented the “Square Deal”
Context
A frame that surrounds the event and provides resources for its appropriate interpretation
Ind Effects - African Americans
Many A.A. moved into Northern cities during the Great Migration, looking for better jobs/opportunities
Patent
government documents giving an inventor the exclusive right to make and sell an invention for a specific number of years
Migrant
A person who moves from one region of a country to another region of the same country
Mary Harris Jones
Known as "Mother Jones" was a labor organizer who encouraged young men to join unions. Wore black after her entire family died due to yellow fever. Led strikes and protests, secure bans on child labor, and co-founded the Industrial Workers of the World
Perspective
A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view
Ind Effects - Low-income Families
Workers have poor conditions and low wages. Most live in tenement housing in the “slums” of the city
American industry has most “on the job” accidents in the world.
Steam Engine
leads to the rise in factories and other industrial jobs
Black Codes
Laws that restricted A.A. progress and made it difficult for A.A. to do any job other than farming.
Ex. Sharecropping (debt slavery)OR prison labor
Jacob Riis
Wrote and photographed the dark/nasty side of Urbanization/Industrialization and brought the harsh life of the poor/immigrants to life for wealthier Americans
Led to lots of positive change, especially for the poor
Push Factor
A condition that causes someone to LEAVE their home (“pushes” them out) or EMIGRATE
Ex. dictatorship, poverty, no jobs, persecution
Ind Effects - Native Americans
Westward expansion forced Natives onto reservations. The hunting of the buffalo made tribes change the way they live.
Carlisle Indian Industrial School - was a forced assimilation of Native Americans of the culture/traditions to “fit in” the civilized world (Many were abused and even died there)
Steel Plow, Reaper, and Barbed wire
helped farmers be more productive and produce more. We could have a larger population and food became cheaper
Violence Against A.A.
Usually led by the KKK against A.A., those who voted, were successful or who tried to get educated.
Ex. beaten, brutalized, and usually hung in a public place
Quotas
Laws for restrictions on numbers of immigrants allowed from specific countries/backgrounds (Prohibited convicts, mentally ill, and were stricter on non-whites)
Pull Factor
A condition that causes someone to be drawn to MOVE to a specific place (“pulls” them in) or IMMIGRATE
Ex. opportunity/jobs, education, religious tolerance, stable government
Ind Effects - European Americans
New immigrants tried to assimilate (blend) into American society by studying English and American citizenship
Electricity and light bulb
By having 24/7 lighting people could work around the clock in factories
Urbanization
As industries grew, more factory jobs were available, which led to more people living and moving into the cities In order to support the increase in people to cities, changes needed to be made in order to accommodate them all
Xenophobia
Fear of those/things that are “different.”
Ex. Fear that immigrants would take jobs. OR Protestants feared Catholic and Jewish immigrants
Immigrant
A person who moves from one country to another
Ind Effects - Asian Americans
Chinese laborers received lower wages than whites and faced violence. Panic of 1873 accused Chinese immigrants of the high unemployment and low wages
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 - Banned Chinese immigrants for ten years and prevented a path to citizenship
Telephone and phonograph
communication between places allowed for businesses to grow rapidly and reach new audiences
Banned Chinese immigrants for 10 years and the prevented a path to citizenship. However, Act was repealed in 1943