effects of the French & Indian war
Who was the first president of the United States
George Washington.
What was the time period of the Reconstruction Era
1865-1877
What was the purpose of Jim Crow laws that many Southern states passed
To separate African Americans and whites in public life (segregation)
Who invented the cotton gin and what was its effect on slavery
Eli Whitney; it increased the need for enslaved labor to produce cash crops
What paper served as the first framework for the U.S. government before the constitution was approved
The Articles of Confederation
In what year was the first permanent English colony of Jamestown founded
1607
Which amendment officially abolished and prohibited slavery in the U.S.
The 13th Amendment
In the Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson, what was the court's ruling
Separate but equal" public facilities were constitutional
What communication invention, developed by Samuel Morse, made it possible to send messages through wires over long distances
The telegraph
Who was the only U.S. president to be elected twice without any votes against him
George Washington
What battle became a turning point in the Revolutionary War
The Battle of Saratoga
What does the 14th Amendment to the Constitution guarantee to all citizens
Equal protection of the law
Which U.S. state was home to the Gold Rush of 1849
California
Which era marked a major switch from agricultural practices to industrial practices in the U.S.
The Industrial Revolution
What major event in Europe in 1914 is considered one of the main causes of World War I
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
What document set basic rules for self-government among the Pilgrims
The Mayflower Compact
What was the purpose of the 15th Amendment
To protect the voting rights of African American men
Which law, passed in 1830, forced thousands of Native Americans off their land and led to the "Trail of Tears
The Indian Removal Act
Who was the first African American player in Major League Baseball, breaking the color barrier in 1947
Jackie Robinson
What were the primary causes for the U.S. to enter WWI after remaining neutral
Unrestricted German submarine warfare (sinking of the Lusitania) and the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram (Germany's proposal for an alliance with Mexico)
What was the Emancipation Proclamation
A presidential proclamation and order that declared all enslaved people in the Confederate states to be free.
What were the laws that Southern governments enacted after the Civil War to restrict the economic freedom and rights of African Americans
Black Codes
What was the name of the Native American woman who served as an interpreter and guide for the Lewis and Clark expedition
Sacagawea
Which country gifted the U.S. the Statue of Liberty
France
What was the name of the international organization proposed by President Woodrow Wilson after WWI to maintain world peace
The League of Nations