Ch. 10 Vocab
popular sovereignty
people in a territory or state would vote directly on issues rather than having their elected reps decide
border state
slave states that did not secede
casualties
the military term for persons killed, wounded, or missing in action
inflation
a general rise in prices
black codes/segregation/sharecropper
new laws used by southern states to control African Americans/enforced separation of races/a laborer who works the land for the farmer who owns it, in exchange for a share of the value of the crop
secede
withdraw
neutral
not favoring either side
emancipate
free
seige
an attempt to capture a place by surrounding it with military forces and cutting it off until the people inside surrender
scalawags/carpetbaggers
southern whites who had opposed secession/northern whites who went south to start business or pursue political careers
fugitives
runaway enslaved people
martial law
a type of rule in which the military is in charge and citizens' rights are suspended
habeas corpus
constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment
total war
all out attacks aimed at destroying an enemy's army, its resources, and its people's will to fight
literacy test/grandfather clause
test to see if a person can read and write/provision that allowed a voter to skip a literacy test if his father or grandfather had been eligible to vote on January 1, 1867
propaganda
false or misleading info that is spread to further w cause
blockade
military action to prevent traffic from coming into an area or leaving it
draft
a system of required military service
amnesty
a government declares that it will officially overlook violations of an existing law
impeachment
the bringing of formal charges against a public official
civil war
a war between opposing groups of citizens of the same country
ironclads
income tax
tax on the money people recieve
freedman
enslaved people who had been freed by the war
poll tax
personal tax to be paid before voting