Qual vs Quan
What two approaches are social science research methods commonly divided into?
Qualitative and Quantitative
process of going from the specific case to the general case (e.g. acturial prediction). Looks for commonalities among different specific cases, then generalizes from these shared characteristics
induction
____ are properties of an object (concept) that can change. they enable us to detect empirical differences between cases.
variables
describes the distribution of one, two, or multi variables
descriptive statistics
True or false: Interval/ratio are on same levels of measurement
This method attempts to gain insight into how people actively construct and give meaning to their worlds using small numbers of cases
Qualitative Methods
What is deduction?
Begins with some general idea and then tests whether the idea is credible (e.g. clinical prediction)
what is a hypothesis
a statement about the expected relationship between variables
what are inferential statistics
learn about the characteristics of a population based on the sample
If the ________ age in a sample of students is 21, the interpretation would be “50% of the cases on variable AGE fall above a score of 21.”
mode, median, mean, nominal, highest, dispersed
median
Reveals & summarizes patterns within a large number of empirical observations, often through statistics.
quantitative methods
This research method typically uses deduction
Quantitative research method
_______ initiate change, _____ express outcomes
independent, dependent
True or false: You may use descriptive statistics for univariate and bivariate tests
True
Which levels of measurement can be used for interval ratio?
mode, median, mean
Handing out surveys to a small university class...what research method is this
Quantitative research method
what is operationalization?
identify variables that can be used to measure (empirically) the concept under consideration
if you are studying one variable, then you study another variables relationship with that variable, is it a univariate or bivariate analysis
What type of connection requires researchers to demonstrate that an empirical relationship is evident between independent and dependent variables (i.e. change in y is connected to a change in x)
Association
The equation:
M =(N + 1) / 2
is used to find what?
median
Holding a focus group with a large amount of participations..what research method is this
Qualitative
the quantitative approach can be described as hypothetico-deductive because of Beginnning at abstract level and utilizing deduction to generate new propositions that can be empirically tested. To make this connection, we use the process of....
empirical deduction
to examine a potentially causal relationship between one or more independent variable(s) and a dependent variable, in the context of one (or more) control variable(s) is to use a uni, bi, or multi variate analysis?
multi
What type of connection do quantitative researchers have a special interest in concerning relationships between independent an dependent variable?
Causal connection
Justine surveyed the students at her PASS course asking them how useful they found the workshops. They rated their satisfaction on a scale of 1-5 (obviously everyone said 5 but that's beside the point)....which central tendency measure will she use? Why?
Either mean, median, or mode (for now.....)