Forms of Government
France was known for this specific type of monarchy, defined by the belief the King had been chosen by God to rule over all aspects of the kingdom.
Absolute Monarchy
Author of The Second Treatise of Government whose writings were highly influential in the founding of the United States.
John Locke
Urban congestion and poor hygiene lead to the spread of this famous disease.
The Black Plague
Martin Luther, Author of the 95 Theses, was originally from what country?
Germany
The study of Latin and Greek Literature with the main goal of understanding human nature.
Humanism.
With the Glorious Revolution and arrival of William and Mary of Orange, England officially became this type of Monarchy.
Constitutional Monarchy.
Author of the Discourse on the Origin of Inequality and famous for his concept of the "The Savage Man".
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
France
What was the main cause of the English Reformation?
Catherine of Aragon could not give Henry VIII a male heir.
A Renaissance practice of the very wealthy where they'd keep an artist in their home, feeding and clothing them, sort of like a pet.
Patronage.
The Lavish and Absolute Ruler of France, known as the "Sun King"
Louis XIV
Author of the Leviathan and a fierce defender of Absolutism.
Thomas Hobbes
What lead to increased criticism of the Church during the middle ages?
The apparent corruption within the church
Disagreements over what the "True Church" should be often led to this.
violence, war, conflict
This type of art began to lose its popularity during the time of the Renaissance.
Stained Glass
Oliver Cromwell
A moral and political theory that states that peoples obligations are based on an agreement to form a society.
Social Contract Theory
A period from 1378-1417 where there were multiple popes caused by a division in church leadership.
The Great Schism
A follower of Luther, Calvin, or Zwingli became known by this name
Protestant
Bonus: Why was it called Protestantism?
What were the characteristics of Middle Ages art?
2D images, lack of emotion, unnatural proportions
A political and religious doctrine that states that a monarch's right to rule comes from God, not from any earthly authority
The Divine Right of Kings.
A thought experiment picturing the world without laws, governments, social status, etc. and how human beings would exist within it.
The State of Nature.
A political, economic, and social system where the peasants of medieval Europe were rendered dependent on their land and on their lord.
Feudalism
List out three impacts of the printing press
increased literacy by producing reading materials more efficiently, made reading materials more afforadable, led to more people receiving education
List out characteristics of the Italian and Northern Renaissance
Italian: chiaroscuro/modeling, atmospheric perspective, emotion, emphasis on anatomy, interest in antiquity
Northern Renaissance: same as above, less emphasis on greek/roman sources, more emphasis on biblical sources