Signs and Symptoms
What are the signs and symptoms for heart attack?
Trouble breathing
Pressure or tightness in the chest (and back, shoulders or jaw)
Anxiety, fear and confusion
Shock
Denial of symptoms
How do you treat for 3rd degree burns?
Flush burned area with cool clean water
Cover the area with sterile dry dressing
phone EMS
when do you stop treating a victim?
it becomes unsafe, someone with a higher profession takes over (paramedic), you do not have consent or lose victims consent
ABCs
Airway, Breathing, Circulation
The 3 Ps of First Aid
Preserve Life, Promote Recovery, Prevent Further Injury
What are the signs and symptoms for hyperventilation/asthma?
anxiety
wheezing
difficulty breathing
How do you treat for Electrical burns?
Phone EMS
turn off current touching victim
stand in a dry area
look for wounds and apply dry dressing
What's the first step in every rescue?
check hazards
WARTS
Warmth, ABCS, Rest and Reassurance, Treatment, Semi-Prone/Semi Sitting
What are Barrier Devices and Why are they Important?
Ex: Pocket Masks and Gloves
To protect yourself and the victim
What are the signs and symptoms for heat burns?
redness
pain
mild swelling
fear
shock
How do you treat for a fully obstructed airway?
5:5 back blows and abdominal thrusts
Until the object is removed or the victim goes unconscious
What is the Ladder Approach?
Talk, Throw, Reach, Wade, Row, Swim, Tow, Carry
SAMPLE
Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, Medication, Past Medical History, Last Intake/Outtake, Events Prior
What should you tell EMS when you call?
Who, What, Where, When, How
What are the signs and symptoms for shock?
breathing rapidly
confusion
fear
anxiety
How do you treat for external bleeding? How should a tourniquet be used for treatment?
Rest, Direct Pressure, Tourniquet
Phone EMS if large/deep, is not stopping
Tourniquet should be only used on limbs and should be placed 5cm or 2in above the bleed
When can you start treating a victim?
You have obtained consent from individual (or parent/guardian for child)
The victim is unresponsive
You cannot locate parent/guardian of the child
Face, Arms, Speech, Time
Standard of Care
Acting as a reasonable person with your training would
What are the signs and symptoms for Stroke?
facial droop
sudden trouble speaking
weakness on one half of the body
How do you treat for angina?
phone EMS
help find victims angina medication or provide them with Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (e.g., Aspirin®)
Assist into comfortable position, monitor condition and treat for shock
When rescuing a drowning victim why should we warn them about aspiration? and what is aspiration?
There can be negative side affects up to 72 hours after nearly drowning
Aspiration is the inhalation of water, dirt, bacteria, and oils can damage the respiratory system
AVPU
Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive
What Heart Rhythms will the AED advise shock for?
Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)