Procedures
_____ groups had MRI scans before and after.
Both (experimental and control)
Amount of participants data that was used in the end?
14 PP's
What played a role in learning and memory?
Hippocampus
2 males left the study after the 1st MRI scan. Which ethical guideline does this fall under?
Right to Withdraw
What is the aim of the study
Identify changes in specific brain regions, the whole brain, by comparing grey matter concentration before and after a mindfulness course.
Which group(s) took the FFMQ before and after?
Experimental and control
What is the average hours spent on mindfulness exercises?
22.6 hours
What type of brain scans showed changes and the left hippocampus within the 8 week period of the mindfulness course?
Structural
Controls in the study allowed it to have strong reliability. One of these controls was the age range of participants, from ________ years old?
22 to 55
What research method and experimental design did the study use?
RM: Longitudinal Design
EI: Independent Measures
How many exercises did the participants go through?
Three
Which parts of the brain had an increase in grey matter?
PCC, CV, C, and TPJ
What was the correlation between the charges in the 4 clusters that increased and the amount of homwork completed?
No correlation
Participants were checked for metallic implants before the MRI scan. This is an example of which ethical guideline?
Protection of harm
4 generic facts about the sample are:
aged between 25-55 years; safe to have an MRI scan; committed yo attend all sessions and complete all the homework assignments; enrolled in the MBSR course at the university of Massachusetts.
How long are the sessions that the experimental group had to go through?
2 and 1/2 hours
How many subscales were significantly increased on participants mindfulness scores?
Three.
Where were the 4 clusters that increased found?
posterior cingulate cortex; left temporal parietal junction; lateral cerebellum; cerebellar vermis/brainstem
A small sample size within the study caused there to be ___________. This is a weakness of the study.
Low generalizability
What was the IV and what specifically were participants exposed to, how many sessions, and how much time per session?
IV: exposure to an 8-week mindfulness based intervention (MBSR course)
8 weeks, 1 session per week, 2 and a half hours each session, One full day session.
Identify the week when one of the full day sessions needed to be given up?
6th week
How many minutes per day did the average participant spend on mindfulness homework?
27 minutes per day
The TPJ involves in the way we see what? (what is the process called)
Ourselves (self-referential process)
How did the holzel study fail to protect one of the groups from harm?
The control group had to wait too long for mental treatment.
Explain the initial sample, and the three major ethnic groups.
Initial Sample: 16
Ethnicity: Caucasian, Asian, and African American