Diabetes
The main characteristic of diabetes
High blood glucose
Homeostasis
What is the maintenance of a constant internal condition
What is the name of the protein that insulin binds to
insulin receptor
Molecule that is source of energy for cells in our bodies. It is also our blood sugar.
glucose
How does the body respond to cold temperature?
-shivering
-increased metabolic activity
-vasoconstriction of blood vessels near the skin
The hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas
Insulin
When the body reacts to bring the body back into balance
What is a negative feedback loop
What is the name of the protein that is signaled in the cell after insulin binds to the receptor
The Glut 4 protein or glucose 4 transporter protein.
Insulin and glucagon are produced by which organ?
Pancreas
How does the body respond to warm temperature?
-sweating
-lowered metabolic activity
-vasodilation of blood vessels near skin
When target cells in the liver and muscle cells are resistant and desensitized to the insulin that the body produces
Type 2 diabetes
Glucose is stored as what in liver and muscle cells?
glycogen
Which protein does glucose use to enter cells?
GLUT 4 transport protein
hormone that lowers blood glucose levels.
What is Insulin?
What effect will glucagon have on the body?
The liver and muscle cells will convert glycogen into glucose and blood sugar will increase.
Cause of Type 1 diabetes
Inability to produce insulin/autoimmune disease attacking beta cells in the pancreas
One example of a negative feedback loop to maintain homeostasis
What is body temperature regulation/glucose regulation/blood pressure regulation
What must occur for glucose to enter cells in the muscle and liver tissue?
Insulin must bind to receptors on the membrane so glut 4 transport proteins merge with the cell membrane and glucose can enter the cell.
Hormone that increases glycogen being broken down into glucose
What is Glucagon?
What effect will insulin have on the body.
Insulin allows glucose to be taken into cells. This decreases blood glucose as glucose can then be converted into glycogen for storage.
Insulin injections are a common treatment for this type of diabetes.
What is Type 1 diabetes
equa:
libra:
equa: equal
libra: balance
What happens after insulin binds to insulin receptors in the cell membrane of liver and muscle cells?
Signal transduction cascade occurs stimulating the GLUT 4 protein to merge with the cell membrane.
The name of the cells in the pancreas that produce the hormone glucagon.
What are Alpha cells?
What is the next step in the negative feedback mechanism:
1. Conditions move from a set-point.
2. Corrective mechanisms are activated.
3. Conditions return to the set point.
4.?
The corrective mechanism must be switched off.