Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
100
what is energy conversion?
process of changing one form of energy into another.
100
Name an example of protein synthesis.
viruses, cancer, Alzheimer's, and Mad Cow
100
What is Homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, esp. as maintained by physiological processes
100
What is Osmosis?
the movement of water through a membrane
200
Name an example of diffusion :)
Active Transport, Passive Transport, Osmosis, and Waste Removal
200
What is cellular respiration?
The transfer of energy from various molecules to produce ATP; occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotes, the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. In the process, oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is generated.
200
What is protein synthesis?
a process within a cell in which amino acids are joined together to make a protein. It requires a messenger RNA and takes place on ribosomes.
200
What usually results when an organism fails to maintain homeostasis?
A) Growth rates within organs become equal.
B) The organism becomes ill or may die.
C) The water balance in the tissues of the organism stabilizes.
D) A constant sugar supply for the cells is stopped.
B- The organism becomes ill or may die
200
What is mitochondria?
cell organelle that releases energy from stored food molecules.
300
what is active transport?
The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
300
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
300
What are the two main stages of protein synthesis in order?
transcription and translation
300
What is Chloroplast?
an organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that uses energy from the sunlight---photosynthesis
300
What are ribosomes?
small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein.
400
what is passive transport?
transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required.
400
what is fermentation?
The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat
400
What is the first step of protein synthesis?
1. The AUG codon signals both the interaction of the ribosome with m-RNA and also the tRNA with the anticodons (UAC).
2.the transcription of mRNA from a DNA gene in the nucleus.
3.Elongation of the peptide begins as various tRNA's read the next codon.
2. the transcription of mRNA from a DNA gene in the nucleus.
400
what is the nucleus?
the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells, large structure inside some cells that contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell's carbs.
400
what is active transport?
the movement of particles from low to high concentration (requires energy)
500
what are lysosomes?
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
500
What is chemosynthesis?
The synthesis of organic compounds by bacteria or other living organisms using energy derived from reactions involving inorganic chemicals, typically in the absence of sunlight.
500
Why is protein synthesis important for living systems?
Protein synthesis is critical for the growth of cells. Without protein synthesis, living things could not grow or heal itself.
500
What is the purpose of homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the property of a system that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, relatively constant condition of properties such as temperature or pH.
500
What is Mad Cow Disease?
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad-cow disease, is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease in cattle, that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord