Active and Passive Transport
What is passive and active transport?
Passive transport is the movement across a cell membrane without using energy. Active transport is the movement of a substance across a membrane that requires the use of energy.
What happens if the human body cannot maintain homeostasis?
Normal bodily functions don't work properly, which can lead to illness, organ failure, or death.
In terms of cell balance and environments, what does equilibrium mean?
Equilibrium is when there are equal amounts of solute on the inside and outside of the cell.
What is the cell membrane made of?
Phospholipid Bilayer
Homeostasis
Internal balance within the body
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is when molecules try to evenly disperse themselves in an area by moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
Why is homeostasis important for the human body?
It keeps the internal conditions stable so the body can function properly.
What is a solute and a solvent?
A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solution. A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute.
What happens to enzymes if body temperature is not regulated?
ATP
The primary molecule used by cells to store chemical energy for use in cellular processes
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is when water moves from areas with more water and less solute to areas of more solute and less water.
How does the cell membrane help maintain homeostasis?
By controlling which substances go in and out of the cell.
What is an isotonic environment?
An isotonic environment is when there are equal concentrations of solute both inside and outside the cell.
During the process of diffusion, when will the particles stop moving?
When homeostasis is reached and the particles are evenly dispersed.
Semipermeable
Selectively choosing which materials can pass through a membrane
Is a protein pump active transport or passive transport?
Active Transport
What happens when we sweat?
When our body is too hot, sweat comes out of our skin and evaporates, which removes the heat from our body and cools us down.
What is a hypertonic environment?
A hypertonic environment has a higher concentration of solute outside the cell than inside. Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink.
If molecules are small or nonpolar, they would use _____.
Diffusion
Hydrophobic Tail (in cell membrane)
Water-hating
Molecules or ions that are too large or polar would undergo __________.
Facilitated Diffusion
What happens when we shiver?
When our body is too cold, our muscles quickly contract and relax, which creates heat to make us warm.
What is a hypotonic environment?
A hypotonic environment has a higher concentration of solute inside the cell than outside the cell. Water will move into the cell, causing it to swell.
What is pinocytosis and phagocytosis?
Pinocytosis is the transport of liquids and small particles. Phagocytosis is the transport of large particles (can be whole cells or viruses).
Hydrophilic Head (in cell membrane)
Water-loving