Unit 1 & 2
This type of map shows the distribution of a single specific variable, like population density or average income.
Thematic Map
Factors that encourage people to leave their current location, such as economic hardship or political instability.
Push Factors
A state that has internal division, giving different regions a degree of autonomy or self-rule, like Canada or the United States
Federal State
The process where the majority of a country's population moves from rural areas to cities.
Urbanization
This term refers to the total number of people divided by the total land area, providing a simple measure of population density.
Arithmetic Density
A map projection that preserves the shape of landmasses but grossly distorts their relative size, especially near the poles, famously used for navigation.
Mercator Projection
The spread of a trend from one node or authority figure to other persons or places; usually jumping over or skipping other areas.
Hierarchical Diffusion
The deliberate effort to create an environment that encourages the growth of crops and animals for human use.
Agriculture
The location factors where the inputs for production are heavier than the final product, leading the factory to be near the source of raw materials to minimize transport costs.
Bulk-Reducing Industry
This stage of the Demographic Transition Model is marked by a very high, but fluctuating, Crude Birth Rate (CBR) and a very high Crude Death Rate (CDR), resulting in little to no natural increase.
Stage 1
This statistic, calculated by the UN, combines life expectancy, education, and standard of living (GNI per capita) to measure a country's level of development.
Human Development Index (HDI)
This is the world's largest universalizing religion, with its hearth in the Middle East.
Christianity
An organization of three or more states forming an association for mutual benefit, such as the European Union (EU) or the African Union (AU).
Supranational Organization
A term for a city with a population of at least 10 million people, such as Tokyo, Delhi, or Sao Paulo.
Megacity
The number of people an area can support given the availability of resources and the level of technology; it is found by dividing the total population by the amount of land suitable for agriculture.
Physiological Density
The model that explains that countries must pass through five stages of development, from traditional society to the age of mass consumption.
Rostow's Stages of Economic Growth
Laws created in the U.S. during the 1920s that favored immigration from certain parts of the world, primarily Northern and Western Europe, by setting numerical limits for each nationality.
Quota Laws (or Quotas)
The model that describes the economic relationship between a city and its surrounding rural area, based on transportation costs and perishable goods.
Von Thunen Model
The term for industries that focus on the specialized production of high-value, research-intensive goods, often clustered in technology hubs like Silicon Valley.
High-Technology (High-Tech) Industry
According to Malthusian Theory, population grows exponentially, while this resource grows only arithmetically, leading to a crisis.
Food Production (or Food Supply)
This economic measurement, which accounts for the cost of goods and services in different countries, provides a more accurate comparison of living standards than simple GNI per capita.
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
The concept that physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to and modify their environment, rejecting pure environmental determinism.
Possibilism
A centripetal force that can be described as the feeling of political unity within a state, based on shared allegiance and emotional ties to the country.
Nationalism
This urban model, developed by Harris and Ullman, suggests that a city does not have a single focal point but multiple centers of activity within the metro area.
Multiple Nuclei Model
The fundamental concept in Central Place Theory which refers to the maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service.
Range