vocabulary
To harass, torment, or punish, especially for one's beliefs, gender, sexual preference or ethnicity.
What is persecute?
This was the land that circa 20,000 years ago humans migrated from Asia to the Americas over.
What was Beringia?
Priests, monks, nuns, Popes, bishops, archbishops and cardinals were all members of this.
What is the clergy?
The first leader of the Ming Dynasty, who became Emperor Hongwu, was from this social class.
What is a peasant?
Spain and Portugal (and before that, kingdoms of Dar al Islam).
What is Iberia or the Iberian peninsula?
This is the concept in Chinese history that if a dynasty is thriving, they have this, but if they decline, lose wars, have famines and natural disasters, they have lost this.
What is the mandate of heaven?
This is the myth regarding the size of the human population of the Americas before European arrival and colonization.
What is that the population was small aka sparsely populated?
To go against official church doctrine (teachings), this was a crime punishable by death.
What is heresy?
He was the Admiral for the Ming navy that extensively explored and traded in the Indian Ocean, and along the east coast of Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and India, 100 years before the Portuguese or Spanish made similar journeys.
Who was Zheng He?
They conquered what was previously the Byzantine Empire.
Who were the Ottoman Turks?
A branch or type of Christianity.
What is a denomination?
This crop originated in Central America and spread throughout the rest of the Americas through trade routes, it came in many colors and was a staple of indigenous peoples' diets and cultures.
What is maize (corn)?
Other than their beauty, stained glass windows gave illiterate church goers a visual of Biblical stories, this was also because the Bible and mass were only spoken in this language.
What is Latin?
This infrastructure was further developed during the Ming Dynasty and was essential to the movement of commodities (especially food) along the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers.
What is the Grand Canal?
This was the location of the Incan Empire.
What is the western coast of South America?
What is reform?
This civilization was at its prime circa 1100 ce, and existed in the present day Midwest of the United States south through Mississippi.
Who were the Cahokia?
What are the sale of indulgences?
This central and western, sparsely populated region of China is essential to the heavily populated eastern region because it is the location of these three, essential and important natural resources.
What are water, natural gas, and oil?
Turkey.
What is Anatolia?
This refers to a society's categorization of its people into groups based on socioeconomic factors
What is social hierarchy?
This is the European created myth regarding the food supplies and housing of indigenous peoples of the Americas.
What is they were only hunter gatherers and did not have advanced, permanent housing.
This was the connection between the highest officials appointed to the papacy and the nobility.
What is they were blood relatives and therefore had tremendous religious, political and economic power?
These northern invaders would defeat the Ming, and lead China's final dynasty (Qing) before the Chinese revolution and civil wars of the 20th century.
Who were the Manchu?
The West Indies.
What is the Caribbean?