Cell Division
Cancer
DNA
100
What is the difference between genes and chromosomes?
Gene: segments of the DNA that code for specific traits.
Chromosome: Structure that contains the genes
100
What characteristic do all forms of cancer have in common?
Cancer is caused by mutated DNA.
100
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA codes for RNA, and RNA codes for proteins.
200
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: Splitting of parent cell into two daughter cells.
Meiosis: Splitting of parent cell into four daughter cells.
200
What are 2 of the 5 main characteristics of cancer cells?
Could be:
1. Resists Cell Death
2. Evades Growth Suppressors
3. Metastasis
4. Inducing angiogenesis
5. Replicate Immortality
200
What does the other helix look like?
5' GTTGAC 3'
3' CAACTG 5'
300
Is this Mitosis or Meiosis?
Meiosis
300
Sometimes, certain biological division circumstances can transform a normal cell into a cancerous cell. What gene causes this?
Oncogene
300
The DNA lecture talked a lot about how the double helix is unzipped a replicated. What chemical unzips DNA?
Helicase
400
What stage of Mitosis is this?
Metaphase. The chromosome line up of the metaphase plate
*Think: They MET at the middle. METaphase
400
A doctor has told a patient that a benign tumor on their skin has spread to other tissues and is causing health problems. What should the patient do?
NOTHING! Benign tumors are usually harmless, they do not spread to other tissues. The patient could probably watch the area and make sure nothing seems different.
400
What part of mitosis does the replication of DNA take place?
Interphase
500
What is cytokinesis?
Complete separation of daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis.
500
What happens at the metaphase checkpoint?
Checking to make sure all chromosomes are ready to separate.
500
What is semi-conservative replication?
This replication is where the double helix parent strand is unzipped into two single strands each of which serves as a template for the formation of a new strand.
600
What happens in G2 of the cell cycle?
Growth and preparation for division
600
What is happening in this photo? Why is this bad?
Angiogenesis: Blood is being given to cancerous cells. Blood includes waste control and provides nutrients. Angiogenesis is basically "feeding the beast".
600
What 3 things does a nucleotide contain?
1. Sugar group
2. Phosphate group
3. One of the 4 bases (AGTC)
700
What is the central dogma in science?
DNA codes for RNA. RNA codes for proteins. Proteins create ATP and allow us to live. No proteins, no life. No DNA, no protein.
700
What is apoptosis and do cancer cells have this?
No. Apoptosis is cell suicide when a cell recognizes it is cancerous. Lack of apoptosis leads to cancer.
700
What is translation?
The process of converting RNA into proteins.