Diseases
Name TWO weather conditions that make arthritis more painful.
Cold and wet
What system of the horse does tetanus affect?
Nervous system
Name ONE factor that influences a horse's nutritional requirements.
Age, size, exercise, fever, illness, injury, temperature, humidity, growth, pregnancy, lactation, breed, metabolic rate
Give ONE reason why a horse's digestible energy or calorie needs may increase.
Exercise, fever, illness, parasites, growing, reproducing, outside temperature (temperature extremes), humidity (wet weather)
What TWO minerals are necessary for proper bone and teeth formation?
Calcium and phosphorus
What is arthritis?
Inflammation of a joint (accept any reasonable explanation)
Give ONE other name for strangles.
Distemper, shipping fever, or Streptococcus equi
Name ONE external parasite that spreads equine encephalomyelitis.
Mosquitoes, horse flies, deer flies
What is the most commoly used fat source in horse diets?
Vegetable oil (such as corn oil)
What is the only mineral that horses have a definite appetite for?
Sodium
Name ONE way to prevent colic.
Ideally, to help prevent disease transmission, how long should a new horse be isolated before introducing it into an established group?
14 - 21 days (accept any number within this range)
Name ONE nutrient exercising horses need more of than non-exercising horses.
Energy, water, electrolytes
Which is safer to feed to meet an anthelic horse's energy needs, fat or grain?
Fat
Phosphorus should never exceed the amount of what mineral in a horse's diet?
Calcium
Name TWO symptoms of colic.
Acting sick, off feed, pawing, rolling, lying down, biting belly, kicking belly, sweating, change in pooping, change in gut sounds, bloating, lying on back, restless, yawning, grinding teether, change in vital signs, mucous membrane color
What is the vector for Lyme disease?
Ticks (specifically Ixodes ticks such as deer ticks, bear ticks, and Western black-legged ticks)
Give ONE other name for Equine Infectious Anemia.
EIA or swamp fever
Give TWO examples of minerals.
Macro-mineral examples: sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassiu, sulfer
Micro-mineral examples: iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, cobalt, fluorine, molybdenum, chromium, silicon
Which nutrient supplies the material from which body tissues is made?
Protein
What is the mildest type of colic?
Spasmodic or gas colic (accept either)
Name ONE disease spread through the air when droplets of moisture are coughed or sneezed.
Strangles, influenza, rhinopneumonitis
Name TWO types of nutrients needed by horses.
Water, carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins, minerals (also accept energy instead of carbohydrates or fats)
What is a MACRO mineral?
Mineral that's needed in large quantities
Of a weanling, yearling, or two year old, which one needs the most protein?
Weanling (FYI: Weanlings need 14-18%, yearlings need 12-14%, and mature idle horses need 8-12% protein in their diets).