Diseases
Name ONE treatment for influenza.
Rest (one week for every day of fever); supportive care (IV fluids, control fever and discomfort, keep nasal passages clear); antibiotics only for secondary bacterial infections
Give ONE treatment for West Nile.
Treat the symptoms (rest, IV fluids, anti-inflammatories for fever and pain), pad the stall, use antibiotics only for secondary bacterial infection
Horses spend what percent of their time grazing at night?
20-50% (accept any number within that range)
Name the two GENERAL TYPES of vitamins
Fat soluble and water soluble. FYI:
Fat soluble vitamins: Vitamins A, D, E, and K
Water soluble vitamins: Vitamins B and C
What is an advantage to hand watering your horse?
You can monitor how much they drink.
What is the most common infectious respiratory disease of the horse?
Influenza (flu)
What is the COMMON name of the respiratory disease, often of older horses, that causes coughing, nasal discharge, qheezing, and heaving of flanks?
Heaves (FYI: It's also called COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, RAO, or Recurrent Airway Obstruction)
What is the most important factor to consider when storing grain?
Safe storage (protect the grain from moisture, pests, and horses)
Lack of what nutrient can casue a horse to go blind?
Vitamin A (FYI: Vitamin A is also important for a healthy immune system)
How do suckling foals meet the majority of their water needs?
By drinking the mare's milk
Give TWO signs, symptoms, or features of influenza.
Fever (up to 106), depression, loss of appetite, cough (frequent, dry harsh), nasal discharge, spreads rapidly through a group of horses)
Bonus question: Explain the unsoundness of "roaring."
Whistling or wheezing when breathing (due to an obstruction of the larynx caused by partial paralysis).
How many pounds of a COMPLETE FEED are needed to meet the average 1000 pound horse's daily needs?
10-15 pounds (accept any number within this range)
What vitamin is higher in green forages than in hay?
Vitamin A (FYI: The pigment beta-carotene that is present in green forage leaves is a precursor to vitamin A)
Which VITAMIN is essential for blood clotting?
Name TWO wildlife species that serve as reservoir hosts for rabies.
Raccoon, skunk, fox, coyote, bat
What is the first step in a disease prevention plan?
Consult a vet
Why is leafiness in hay an important guide to feeding value?
Most of the nutrients are found in the leaves
Vitamin D regulars the absoroption of what important mineral?
Calcium (also accept phosphorus)
Bonus: Name 3 factors that affect the water requirements for horses.
Size, exercise, sweating, temperature, humidity, fever, illness, specific diseases like Cushing's, lactation, amount of food, type of food, individual variations, medications such as Lasix
What system of the horse does rhinopneumonitis affect?
Respiratory system
What is the recovery rate for horses infected with West Nile?
50% or higher
Do horses prefer pastures of mixed grass types or a single type?
Mixed types
What nutrient is vital to life and is essential for all body systems?
Water
Bonus (2 part question): What vitamins are essential in the horse's diet and why?
A and E because they can't be synthesized in the body