Division
a rupture of ecclesiastical union and unity. It involves severing ties with the social organization of the Church and the mystical body of Christ
Schism
A German monk and professor. He started the Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
Native American woman of the Mohawk tribe.
Known as the "Lily of the Mohawks"
St. Kateri Tekakwitha
A document written by Martin Luther in 1517 that criticized the Catholic Church’s sale of indulgences and other abuses.
Ninety-five Theses
Pope from 1978 to 2005. He is known for his extensive travels, his emphasis on human rights, and his role in the fall of communism in Eastern Europe
St John Paul 2
The territory and sees under the jurisdiction of a Patriarch.
Patriarchate
A French reformer and religious leader. He helped spread Protestant ideas and led a strict religious community in Geneva.
John Calvin
French Jesuit priest and missionary.
was sent to Canada as a missionary in 1636. He worked among the Huron and Iroquois tribes. In 1642, he was captured by the Iroquois and endured severe torture and mutilation. After escaping, he returned to France but later went back to the Iroquois as a missionary.
St. Isaac Jogues
A grace by the Catholic Church that reduces the temporal punishment for sins
Indulgence
was the 261st Pope, serving from 1958 to 1963. He is best known for initiating the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), which sought to address the Church's engagement with the modern world
St Pope John 23rd
the Eastern Roman Empire, with its capital in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul). used to describe the civilization, culture, and history associated with this empire, which blended Roman, Hellenic, and Oriental influences
Byzantium/Byzantine
King of England in the 1500s. He broke away from the Catholic Church and started the Church of England
Henry VIII
Foundress of the first American religious congregation of women, the Sisters of Charity.
A wife, mother, and widow.
Convert to Catholicism.
St. Elizabeth Ann Seton
A book written by John Calvin in 1536 that explained Protestant beliefs and theology.
Institutes of the Christian Religion
Means to update to the time
Aggiornamento
Date of the Great Schism
1054
The first wife of Henry VIII and a Spanish princess.
Henry’s desire to divorce her led to the English Reformation and the creation of the Church of England.
Catherine of Aragon
an Italian-American religious sister who dedicated her life to serving immigrants. founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in 1880 with the goal of serving the poor through education.
Mother Cabrini
They desired a form of worship that was free from any perceived part of Roman Catholicism. often characterized by their opposition to entertainment
Puritans
The Common Language term
Vernacular
A form of government in which religious leaders rule in the name of God, and laws are based on religious principles. Geneva under Calvin was an example.
Theocracy
Roman Emperor in the early 300s. He made Christianity legal in the Roman Empire
Constantine
a Catholic bishop and saint known for his missionary work and contributions to Catholic education in the United States. born in Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) in 1811
St. John Neumann
the nineteenth ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held in Italy, from 1545 to 1563. It was convened primarily to address the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation and to clarify Catholic doctrine.
Council of Trent
known for his encyclical Humanae Vitae, which addressed questions of human life, love, and procreation
Pope Paul VI