Biology/Chemistry
Anatomy/Physiology
Pediatric/OBGYN
Medicine/ER
Ethics
100
Solute vs Solvent?
Solute = salt
Solvent = water
100
What part of the brain is responsible for hearing?
Temporal lobe
100
When should you start getting pap smears done?
Age 21
- Every 3 years
100
A patient comes in after a car accident. He is bleeding profusely. What is the first vital sign change?
Increased heart rate
100
Parents refusing blood transfusion for child because they are Jehovah’s Witness. Transfuse?
Yes
- If a minor and going through a life-threatening situation, save the child even if parents disagree.
200
What are the 4 major categories of organic molecules?
1) Carbohydrates
2) Proteins
3) Nucleic acids
4) Lipids
200
What is this bone called?
Maxilla
200
At what age do babies start walking?
1 year old
200
A patient who came with cough and fever was diagnosed with influenza A. Treatment?
Nothing; supportive care.
- Antibiotics are only for bacterial infection, not viral.
- Tamiflu possible but controversial
200
Minor needs non-emergent surgery; mom agrees, dad refuses. Should you proceed with surgery?
Yes
- only 1 consent needed even if there is disagreement
300
What is sublimination?
solid changing directly into a gas
300
What distinguishes the large and small intestine? (4 features)
- Larger diameter
- Tenia coli: 3 thickened bands of longitudinal muscle fibers, much of large intestine’s longitudinal muscle
- Haustra: sacculations or pouches of the colon b/t the teniae
- Epiploic appendices: small, fatty, appendages projecting from the colon
300
At what week of pregnancy does a heart start beating in a fetus?
week #7
300
A female comes into ED for vaginal bleeding. Denies chance of pregnancy. What's the first test you should do?
Pregnancy test
- never trust patients when they say they are not pregnant
300
36M has meningococcal meningitis. He does not wish to be admitted. He understands the risk to himself and others by not being admitted; next step?
Admit against his wishes (threat to public health)
400
Mother's blood type: A
Father's blood type: B
What are the possible blood types their children could have?
A, B, AB, O
- Mom could be AA or AO
- Dad could be BB or BO
400
Explain the blood flow from Superior Vena Cava (or Inferior Vena Cava) to the aorta.
*Name all vessels, chambers, and valves involved. (13 total)
1. SVC/IVC
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right ventricle
5. Pulmonary valve
6. Pulmonary artery
7. Lungs
8. Pulmonary vein
9. Left atrium
10. Mitral valve
11. Left ventricle
12. Aortic valve
13. Aorta
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400
What is the risk of taking oral contraceptives in females?
Blood clot!
400
If an elderly female patient becomes confused, what should you check first?
Urinalysis (check for UTI)
- UTI is the most common cause of elderly women becoming confused
400
A patient with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer signed an advance directive indicating that physicians should do “everything possible” to treat the patient. She is found to have a large heart attack, which causes brain injury. Should you do a cardiac cath?
No. Treatment is unlikely to provide any benefit (medically futile treatment).
- If it's a futile treatment, don't do it.
500
What is the mode of inheritance?
X-linked dominant
- all daughters of affected male have trait
- no male to male transmission
- sons have traits only if mother has it
500
What nerve innervates these muscles?
Femoral nerve
500
What blood test can tell you about a patient being pregnant?
B-HCG
500
Pt comes in with a laceration on their arm. Next step?
(hint: 3 steps)
1. Cleanse the area
2. Check tetanus vaccine status; give if not given in past 10 yrs.
3. Suture/staple if needed
500
Hospice vs Palliative care?
Both involves comfort care but palliative involves curative treatments
- Hospice: only qualified if expected life-expectance <6mo; forgo life sustaining & curative treatment