Essentials/Sifat al Ma'ani
The number of essential attributes of God, according to the 'Ash'ari School.
What is 20?
Allah is absolutely unlike His Creation.
What is mukhalafa lil hawadith?
Three groups debated with regards to the attribute of kalam (speech)
Who are the Mu'tazilah, the Hanbalis, and the Karamiyya?
*the innovators from the Hanbalis, this was excluding Imam Ahmad and his companions
These attributes are a consequence of the affirming attributes, they are the (entitative)
What are Qadir (All Mighty) Murid (All Willing) 'Alim (All Knowing), Hayy (Ever-Living), Sama' (All Hearing), Basir (All Seeing) and Mutakallim (Speaker)
Essential attributes connected to the Essence of God
What are sifat al-dhat?
The 4 categories of the essential attributes of God
What are an-Nafsiyya, as-Salbiyya, al-Ma'ani, and al- Ma'nawiyya ?
Surah 112, al-Ikhlas can be used a scriptural proof
What is wahdaniyya ?
He was a prominent student of Imam al Juwayni from the later 'Ash'aris
Who is Imam al-Ghazali ?
The ambiguous attributes of Allah reported (mentioned) in the Quran or hadith.
What are sifat al khabariyya ?
The seven affirmative attributes of Allah, according to al-'Ashari
What are qudra (power), irada (will), 'ilm (knowledge), hayat (life), sama'(hearing), basar (sight) and kalam (speech)?
The personal attribute of God
What is Wajib al Wujood, or the Necesssarily Existent?
We know huduth and fana' are impossible for God by these attributes.
What are Qidam and Baqa'?
The "founders" two main schools of modern Sunni Islamic Theology
Who are Iman Abu Hasan al Ash'ari and Abu Mansur al Maturidi ?
The attribute reflected in the statement : "God is not in need of anything else in order to exist. "
What is Qiyam bi nafsihi (self-Subsistence)?
This eternal attribute of His essence (qa'im bi dhatihi) is specific to what is possible (ja'iz) and is in harmony with His knowledge.
What is irada (will) ?
"Allah is the Creator of all things and He is the Maintainer of everything" is a proof for God's existence
What is a transmitted proof?
If God was not beginingless, He would have been originated, and if He was originated like creation, He would not have created anything (since it would have) originated before Him
What is a rational proof for qidam?
The theologian who said "That which is impossible for God is that which limits His power like death,
finitude, blindness, incapacity, mortality. This also includes the desire to become deficient.
Who is Imam al-Bajuri?
What is Baqa'?
The statement of Allah "Allah has power over all things" is a transmitted proof for.
What is qudra (power)?
* Note : His power is not connected to what is impossible or what is necessary.
The Maturdis differed in the affirmative attributes with the 'Asharis, with one additional attribute.
What is takwin - bringing into existence?
The word qadim (beginingless) and the term for eternal mean the same thing.
What is azali?
Two of the 4 methods for engagement with attributes reported in Quran of hadith regarding the eyes, faces, and hand of Allah
What are
(1) tashbih and tajsim
(2) tanzil and ta'wil
(3) tanzih bila Kayf
(4) tanzih, ta'wil irja
The particular attribute referred to According to Imam Al-Ghazali: “Musa heard the speech of God without sounds or letters, just like the righteous will see God in the hereafter without form or size.”
What is kalam nafsi ?
These attributes are connected to all things possible (ja'iz), impossible (mustahil) and necessary (wajib)
What is 'ilm (knowledge) and kalam (speech)?