Pediatric Screening Recs
Objective measurements obtained at a well child visit
What is:
Weight and length (and calculate BMI)
Head circumference in children under 2 y/o
Vital signs
Fundoscopic Exam
Vaccine category that should NEVER be given to a pregnant woman
What is a live vaccine
What is Hypertension, HIV infection, Tobacco use/cessation, Cervical Cancer, Colorectal Cancer
If performing lab tests on a symptomatic person, is the testing considered screening?
What is no - testing is only considered screening if done on someone who is asymptomatic
Types of behavior involved in interpersonal violence
What is physical, sexual, stalking, or psychological/emotional
Texas Minor Consent Law
What is:
Minors may consent for emergency care, pregnancy related care (other than abortion), contraceptive/family planning, dx and tx of disease (including STIs), services related to drug addiction, and counseling related to suicide prevention or abuse AND relieves health care professionals of liability for non-negligent care provided at minor's consent.
5 Ps of a sexual history
Health Maintenance Schedule
a protocol that describes the preventive services a practice intends to offer and a system to ensure schedule is implemented
defines goals of a given practice for delivering preventive services
should be in writing
Highest risk group for abdominal aortic aneurysm
SAFE model screening tool for domestic violence screening
S - stress/safety
A - afraid/abused
F - friend/family awareness
E - emergency escape plan
When lead risk screening should occur and the safe amount of lead in the body
What is:
6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months
3-6 y/o annually
NO safe levels of lead
Reportable STIs and which ones are 1st/2nd most common
What is:
HIV/AIDS, Syphilis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Chancroid
Chlamydia = 1st most common
Gonorrhea = 2nd most common
Components of a Health Maintenance Schedule
1. Plan for offering preventive services
2. Clinician reminder plan
3. Patient reminder plan
4. Plan for engaging patients
5. Incentive process
6. Audit/evaluation process
Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome
What is having 3 of the following conditions:
- fasting glucose greater than 100, or on meds for hyperglycemia
- waist measurement greater than 35 in women, greater than 40 in men
- elevated BP or on tx for hypertension
- elevated triglycerides or on tx for hypertriglyceridemia
- low HDL (less than 40 in men, less than 50 in women)
Top 5 Household Poisons
Medications
Cosmetics & personal care products
Cleaners
Foreign objects
"Things in a tube"
Home
Education/Employment
Activities
Drugs
Sexuality
Suicide/depression
Birth control type that is contraindicated by active liver disease
#1 Bacteria responsible for dental cavities
What is streptococcus mutans
Potential abnormal findings on breast exam that may indicate breast cancer
What is:
More commonly a painless, hard mass with irregular edges; typically harder to move than a benign mass
Swelling of breast, skin dimpling, pain, nipple retraction, skin that is red/dry/flaking/thickened, nipple discharge
Swollen axillary or periclavicular lymph nodes
4 characteristics to define an unintentional injury
What is:
Unplanned event
Often accompanied by economic loss
Usually preceded by a hazard
Interrupts the completion of tasks
Characteristics of pediatric heart murmurs that indicate something pathologic
What is:
arm BP > leg BP
diastolic murmur
does not change with position
grade 3 or greater
Important nutrients for pregnant women to supplement
Heavily emphasized adult vaccinations and timing
Covid 19: anytime, 2 or 3 dose primary series + booster
Influenza inactivated/recombinant OR live vaccine: 1 dose annually, but live only before 50 y/o
Tdap: 1 initial dose, then booster every 10 years. Also 1 dose per pregnancy and 1 dose for wound management
Zoster recombinant: 2 doses for immunocompromising conditions before age 50; 2 doses for all after age 50
Pneumococcal: 1 dose PCV15 followed by PPSV23 OR 1 dose PCV20, typically done after 65 y/o but possibly before if have addtnl risk factors
Identify/describe colorectal cancer screening options
What is:
Colonoscopy = imaging of entire colon, can be diagnostic AND therapeutic (removing polyps). Put under conscious sedation
Stool tests = fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
Stool DNA test
Flexible sigmoidoscopy = can be diagnostic and therapeutic, inspects distal third of the colon (where malignancies most likely to occur). Don't need anesthesia?
CT colonography - rarely done b/c bowel prep, no anesthesia, uses radiation and if something is found, will require an additional procedure
SPLAT acronym
What is:
S = symptoms
P = previous fall
L = location
A = activity
T = time