Philosophers
Which philosopher was so impactful, he was simply known as "The Philosopher"
Aristotle
What is the belief that everything must be explained by scientific experimentation and genes
Naturalism
What are "motives/intentions"?
The reason we do what we do
What is the aim of philosophy?
Give us a sense of independence in our thinking
What is capital punishment?
Lawful execution of a convicted criminal by the government
Who believed we were all unique expressions of the good?
Levinas
What is predestination?
The belief that everything is already decided by God in advance
What does it mean if something is immoral?
That which is “bad” and hurts the dignity of the human person (the way not to act)
Means "blessing" explains what to aspire to be in life, not a set of rules like the 10 Commandments
How many cardinal virtues are there?
4
Aristotle believed happiness came from
community
What is providence?
God's influence on events and actions
What does it mean when someone is amoral or something is amoral?
Actions that are “neutral” (neither good nor bad) OR a person who lacks sensitivity or knowledge to know what is right and wrong and acts at random (has no set of values)
What is the LISTEN method?
Look for the facts
Imagine possibilities
Seek insights beyond your own
Turn inward
Expect God's help
Name your decision
What is Jesus' most important teaching?
The Sermon on the Mount
Who believed you must keep the "mean" in all actions; do not spend too much, or be too cheap.
Aristotle
Sigmund Freud's theories were about which of the following: religious determinism, social determinism, or naturalism?
Social determinism
What are you referring to when you say someone has values in morality?
The qualities, customs, standards and principles of a people
What is the CFOA? And what are some of its questions?
Conceptual Framework of Action,
Who?
What?
Why?
How?
With whom or against whom?
Under what circumstances?
With what outcome?
Explain the 4 stages of forgiveness and why it is important to forgive others
1. Hurt
▪ This is where the event has taken place. A person has done something to hurt another.
2. Hate
▪ This happens when the person’s hurt turns to hate. The hurt has eased, and is replaced with anger and hate.
3. Healing
▪ The hurt and angry person begins to view the situation, and the person who has hurt them, with ‘new eyes’. A person in this stage can be very vulnerable in the beginning, but will gradually grow stronger as they are able to face the hurt without hate.
4. Reconciliation
▪ This stage must involve both parties. You must be able to face each other eye-to-eye and seek peace and civility
Why:
Forgiveness is something that empowers; It allows you to move forward, to love others without hurt or resentment in your heart. Forgiveness releases you from the burden of anger. Just as Jesus has loved and forgiven us, so must we forgive others.
Name three philosophers in the course. Explain one of the philosopher's contributions.
Kant, Levinas, Aristotle, St. Augustine, Kohlberg....
Explain the difference between naturalism, religious determinism, and social determinism,
Naturalism: The belief that everything must be explained by scientific experimentation and genes
Religious determinism: that all actions and events are predetermined by God, believed and pushed by denominations like the Calvinists
Social determinism: your behaviour is explained by social factors, not by your decisions.
Explain in-depth why it's important to follow the 10 commandments, and provide examples
This is an open ended question
Explain how you will ensure you live a moral, good life after high school, using concepts and methods learned in this class
This is an open ended question
List and explain the 4 cardinal virtues
Prudence (Wisdom): The ability to discern the true good and choose the right means to achieve it; it's practical wisdom guiding our choices and actions.
Justice: Giving each person their due; it involves fairness and right conduct in our dealings with others, ensuring we contribute to the common good.
Fortitude (Courage): Strength in the face of adversity, enabling endurance of difficulties and perseverance in doing good, even when it's hard.
Temperance (Moderation): Self-control and balance in our desires and pleasures, moderating our appetites for food, drink, and other senses with reason.