Overview of Sampling
In research, this term refers to the process of selecting participants for a study.
Sampling
This term refer to the basic unit that define the study population.
This technique makes probability sampling the most rigorous category.
Random selection
This sampling technique is when there is a convenient access to a population, but carries a high risk of sampling bias.
Convenient sampling.
The goal of any sampling technique is to maximize the ____ of the sample to the population.
Generalizability
This term refers to a formal list of units or elements that make up the population from which a sample is drawn in research studies.
Sampling Frame
This term refers to a variable that has an undue influence on the analytic outcome of a study.
Confounding variables.
This sampling technique selects individuals who meet pre-established criteria for inclusion in the sample and is often used when the research question requires a specific type of participants.
Purposive sampling.
What term refers to the defined segment of people being targeted by a study?
Population
This bias yields inaccurate results that are not generalizable because of imperfect sampling.
Sampling Bias
This sampling technique selects every "nth" element from a sampling frame after selecting one element at randome.
This two-stage sampling design allows researchers to access hard-to-reach populations by first identifying potential venues and then systematically recruiting participants from those venues.
Venue-based-timing sampling.
Sampling methods can be divided into these two main categories.
Probability Methods and Nonprobability Methods.
This process involves making inferences about an entire population based on a sample.
Extrapolation
This sampling technique divides the sampling frame intro mutually exclusive strata before selecting a sample from each stratum.
Stratified random sampling.
This sampling method combines network-based methods with statistical validity and involves recruiting initial respondents who then distribute coupons to their peers for recruitment into the study.
Respondent-driven sampling.
This category of sampling method is often weaker in generalizability.
Nonprobability methods
What is the overarching goal of the selection process in sampling?
Maximizing the representativeness of the sample with respect to the population.
Unlike simple random sampling, this technique does not ensure that every element has an equal and nonzero probability of being selected.
Systematic random sampling
This phenomenon, observed in snowball sampling, occurs when individuals recruit others who resemble them in certain characteristics, potentially introducing bias into the sample
Homophily.