Lava Logic
What was the main staple food for ordinary Pompeians and Herculaneans?
Bread/grain and Agricultural Produce
Who did Hatshepsut marry?
Thutmose II (her half-brother)
Who wrote "The Histories"
Herodotus
Why was Sparta’s lack of walls significant?
Belief that “Spartan men were its walls” – reliance on military strength
Which military campaigns were most associated with Thutmose III?
Megiddo and campaigns in Syria-Palestine
How were elections advertised in Pompeii?
Electoral graffiti (programmata) painted on walls especially prominate around the Forum but also throughout Pompeii and Herc.
How did Hatshepsut link herself to Amun in her mortuary temple?
Through reliefs of divine birth and coronation by Amun
What is the name of the largest living structure on Earth?
Great Barrier Reef
What was the Ekklesia
Assembly of Spartan citizens who voted on proposals
Who succeeded Ahmose I as king?
Amenhotep I
What agricultural product was Pompeii especially known for exporting?
Wine and Olive Oil, Garum
What religious festival did Hatshepsut emphasise at Karnak?
The Opet Festival
What planet is closest to the Sun?
Mercury
What did the krypteia demonstrate about Spartan social control?
Secret police that terrorised helots to prevent revolt
Why was Nubia important to the New Kingdom?
Rich in gold, resources, and manpower for the army
How did household religion differ from public religion?
Household religion focused on family and daily protection; public religion on civic duties, temples, and state rituals
How did Hatshepsut’s building program reflect her power?
Monumental scale, association with Amun, use of masculine imagery
Which modern historian emphasises Hatshepsut’s political skill?
Joyce Tyldesley
What was the role of the syssitia?
Military dining groups that reinforced equality and solidarity
What was the Red Chapel at Karnak used for?
A bark shrine for Amun’s cult statue during festivals
What are the main limitations of archaeological evidence at Pompeii and Herculaneum?
Looting, poor early excavation methods, gaps in evidence, uneven preservation, and interpretation bias
What evidence suggests Thutmose III did not immediately attack Hatshepsut’s memory?
Erasures occurred late in his reign, not right after her death
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What happened to weak or unfit Spartan infants?
Exposed (left to die) at Mount Taygetus
What was the purpose of royal mortuary temples in the New Kingdom?
To honour the gods, glorify the king, and provide for the pharaoh’s cult after death