Design and Communication
Define the term orthogonal drawing
A series of 2D views (front, top, side) drawn to scale, showing accurate shape and dimensions of an object
Identify one organisational structure used in the graphics industry
Hierarchical structure
Name one material commonly used in graphics-related prototyping
Cardboard
State the purpose of Work Health and Safety (WHS) legislation
To ensure safe working conditions and reduce risks to employees
Define the term emerging technology
A new or developing technology with potential to significantly change industry practices
State two reasons why standards and conventions are important in technical drawing
They ensure drawings are interpreted consistently; they reduce errors and miscommunication between designers and manufacturers
State two responsibilities of a project manager in a design team
Overseeing deadlines; coordinating communication between team members
State two advantages of using digital printing over traditional methods
Faster turnaround; lower cost for small print runs
Identify two ergonomic considerations when designing a workspace
Adjustable chairs; correct monitor height
Give one example of a sustainable material used in graphics
Recycled paper
Describe the purpose of a pictorial drawing in product design
To provide a realistic 3D representation of a product so clients and stakeholders can visualise its appearance
Explain how quality control is maintained in graphics production
By checking designs against specifications, using prototypes, and monitoring processes to ensure standards are met
Explain the difference between a mock-up and a prototype
Mock-up: non-functional model for appearance; Prototype: working model tested for function and usability
Explain how industrial relations affect employee performance
Positive relations improve morale and productivity; disputes can reduce efficiency and lead to strikes or turnover
Explain how automation has changed graphics production
Automated machines/software increase efficiency, reduce labour costs, and allow mass customisation of designs
Explain how CAD software improves accuracy compared to manual drawing
CAD allows precise measurement, easy editing, and error detection, reducing human mistakes and saving time in revisions
Compare the roles of a sole trader and a partnership in the industry
Sole trader: complete control, keeps all profits but carries all risk. Partnership: shared responsibility, pooled resources, but profits are divided
Describe the process of 3D printing and its applications in graphics technologies
3D printing builds objects layer by layer from digital files. It’s used for product prototypes, architectural models, and custom components
Describe one ethical issue related to intellectual property in graphics
Using another designer’s work without permission is plagiarism, which breaches copyright law and damages trust
Discuss the impact of digital collaboration tools on teamwork
Tools like cloud-based CAD or project management software improve communication, allow remote collaboration, and speed up design changes
Evaluate the role of graphic communication in meeting client needs
Graphic communication conveys design ideas clearly; it bridges the gap between client concepts and final production. Strong visuals improve collaboration, reduce misunderstandings, and ensure designs meet client expectations
Analyse how globalisation impacts graphics-related businesses
Globalisation increases competition but opens access to international clients; requires adapting to diverse standards and can reduce costs through outsourcing
Evaluate the effect of new materials or processes on productivity and costs
New materials/processes (e.g., rapid prototyping, biodegradable plastics) can speed up design and reduce waste, lowering costs in the long term, but may require expensive equipment or training initially
Evaluate the role of sustainability policies in workplace practices
Sustainability policies reduce environmental impact (e.g., recycling paper, using energy-efficient devices). They also improve corporate reputation and can lower costs, but may require investment in new practices
Analyse the long-term benefits of adopting sustainable practices in the graphics industry
Reduces resource depletion, meets consumer demand for eco-friendly practices, enhances brand image, and ensures compliance with future regulations — leading to long-term competitiveness