Marxist Paradigm
In Marxist theory, this is why business owners make a profit even though workers are doing the labour.
What is workers create more value than they’re paid?
Social identity markers (man, woman, nonbinary person, neurotypical, neurodivergent, disabled, etc.) do not exist independently of each other; each informs the others, creating a complex convergence of oppressions and privileges.
What is intersectionality?
The non-medical factors (like income, education, housing, and racism) that shape a person’s chances of getting sick or staying healthy.
What are social determinants of health?
A social system or structure in which men hold primary power and authority, especially in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.
What is patriarchy?
Rules and expectations that guide behaviour in a society or group. They shape how people act, interact, and understand what is considered acceptable or unacceptable.
What are norms?
From a Marxist perspective, this is why public health, education, and the environment are often neglected in capitalist systems.
What is the prioritisation of profit over people?
Freeing individuals and groups from unjust social, political, and economic systems by exposing and challenging power structures.
What is emancipation?
The West represents and constructs non-Western cultures and peoples through its own lens, often portraying them as "other" and/or inferior, justifying colonial domination and exploitation.
What is the colonial gaze?
The oppression of a historically marginalised group to the advantage of another as perpetuated by inequity within interconnected systems (i.e. political, economic, and social systems)
What is systemic oppression?
This is why scholars and activists emphasise reflecting on your own identity and experiences before analysing social issues.
What is because your position shapes what you notice, understand, and may unintentionally ignore?
OR
What is because your position shapes your worldview and biases?
A distorted understanding of reality that prevents members of the working class from recognising their exploitation under capitalism.
What is false consciousness?
In Canada, this official policy is often celebrated as a national success story, but critics argue it can obscure the ongoing effects of colonization, white supremacy, and economic disparity.
What is multiculturalism?
This is the risk when art and entertainment are mass-produced like factory goods and sold to audiences who passively consume them.
What is that it discourages critical thinking, creativity, and individuality?
A political system or ideology where power is centralised, dissent is suppressed, and individual freedoms are limited by the government.
What is authoritarianism?
The definition of propaganda.
What is the dissemination of information (facts, arguments, rumours, half-truths, or lies) to influence public opinion.
This is why a Marxist might say that much labour under the current capitalist system prevents us from reaching our innate human potential.
What is people are forced to do repetitive, meaningless work to survive which disconnects them from both their creativity and each other?
DOUBLE POINTS!!!
The four key elements of political aestheticization are use of spectacle, manipulation of emotions, iconography and propaganda, and focusing on myths. Give a modern example of each.
Open ended
Spectacle: parades, marches, grand performances
Manipulation of emotions: Appeals to fear, anger, anxieties through speeches, slogans, etc.
Iconography and propaganda: posters, films, social media, etc.
Myths: idealised past or future, promoting a narrative of national rebirth, strength, and unity
According to Chomsky and Herman’s Manufacturing Consent, these five filters shape news media content in ways that support elite interests.
What are media ownership, advertising revenue, sources, flak, and anti-ideologies?
Maintenance of domination primarily through consensual social practices, social forms, and social structures produced and reproduced in within institutions.
What is cultural hegemony?
W.E.B Du Bois posits that Black people must navigate two conflicting identities: their identity as individuals, with their unique thoughts, feelings, and aspirations and the identity imposed by society, which is primarily defined by their race.
What is double consciousness?
This term describes the ways in which social, economic, and political systems indirectly cause death to individuals or groups as a result of structural inequalities.
DOUBLE POINTS: Give an example.
What is social murder?
This is how Orientalism continues in modern news coverage of the Middle East or Asia, even without using old-fashioned language.
What is focusing only on violence, religion, or chaos and overlooking a region’s diversity and the humanity of its people.
In this kind of theatre, the audience isn’t just watching the performance—they're invited to stop the action, step in, and change what happens.
1. Identify the type of theatre.
2. Identify one thing that makes it a powerful tool for fighting oppression.
1.What is theatre of the oppressed?
2. What is
-it helps people imagine different outcomes
-helps people practice resistance in real time
- helps people see themselves as active agents of change
?
The term for working to increase people's knowledge of and interest in social and political matters AND an example of it.
What is consciousness raising?
Examples (open ended):
-MeToo Movement
-BLM
-Sharing personal experiences within a community, connecting them to broader socio-political struggles.
This political ideology promotes economic deregulation, privatisation, and austerity, often leading to the erosion of public services and increased inequality.
What is neoliberalism?