Medical Spanish
What is gallbladder in Spanish?
vesícula biliar
A curse cast by a malicious or envious glare, believed to cause misfortune, illness, or injury to the recipient.
What is El Mal De Ojo?
The nurse receives a telephone call from the post-anesthesia care unit stating that a client is being transferred to the surgical unit. The nurse plans to take which action on arrival of the client?
a. assess the patency of the airway
b. check tubes or drains for patency
c. check the dressing to assess for bleeding
d. assess the vital signs to compare with preoperative measurement
Correct Answer: A. assess the patency of the airway
A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness. Which of the following findings indicates that the client's death is imminent?
A. Urinary Retention
B. Cold Extremities
C. Hypertension
D. Tachycardia
B: Cold Extremities
The presence of cold extremities, starting in the hands and feet, is a physical change that occurs when the client's death is imminent.
Name all 8 Cranial Bones:
1. Frontal Bone (1)
2. Parietal Bones (2)
3. Temporal Bones (2)
4. Occipital Bones (1)
5. Sphenoid Bone (1)
6. Ethmoid Bone (1)
What is bladder in Spanish?
La vejiga
a gastrointestinal disorder believed to be caused by an obstruction in the stomach or intestines caused by food or other material.
Associated with some kind of dietary indiscretion - either eating too much, the wrong type, or poorly prepared food, or eating at the wrong time. Treatments include massages, ingestion of teas, oils, and purgatives, and dietary restrictions
What is "El Empacho"?
The nurse understands that which statement is correct regarding respiratory rates?
a. infants have a lower respiratory rate than adults
b. healthy adults breathe between 12 and 20 times a minute
c. a compensatory response to a fever is to breathe at a slower rate
d. an increase in intracranial pressure results in an increased rate
Correct Answer: B. healthy adults breathe between 12 and 20 times a minute
rationale: fever increases RR in attempts to blow off the heat; ICP cause Th (slow down breathing)
A nurse is caring for a client following a stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain coagulation laboratory studies from the client
B. Apply pneumatic compression boots to the client
C. Request a referral for a speech-language pathologist
D. Keep the client NPO
D. Keep the Client NPO
The nurse uses the ABC approach to keep the client NPO due to the risk of aspiration as a result of the stroke. The client should be screened for their ability to swallow.
Name the 4 heart valves:
1. Tricuspid
2. Pulmonary
3. Mitral
4. Aortic
¿Qué son las 3 P? Son los principales síntomas de la diabetes:
the existence of a malevolent, destructive force or power that is transmitted through the air and wind. It is also sometimes used to describe the environmental pollution that can make people sick.
Children, notably unbaptized children, older adults, and physically debilitated persons are most vulnerable. Manifesting in various combinations of coldness, diarrhea, headache, vomiting, paleness, fatigue, and shaking.
Treatment involves traditional healers known as curanderos who use rituals and herbal remedies to perform a limpia (cleansing) to remove the harmful energy
What is "El Mal Aire"?
A nurse is providing care for a trauma patient in the emergency department. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Profuse bleeding from a leg laceration
B. Gurgling sounds with respirations
C. Blood pressure 82/46 mmHg
D. Heart rate 132 beats per minute
Correct Answer: B
Gurgling respirations indicate a compromised airway. Airway always comes before bleeding, circulation, and vital signs management.
A nurse is performing an otoscopic examination of the client's right ear. The light reflex is visible in the right lower quadrant of the tympanic membrane. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in response to this finding?
A. Obtain an audiology referral
B. Document this as an expected finding
C. Irrigate the ear with warm water
D. Document mild inflammation
B. Document this as an expected finding
The light of the otoscope reflects off the tympanic membrane. In the right ear, it is visible in the right lower quadrant. In the left ear, it is visible in the left lower quadrant.
Name all 11 organ systems:
1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Cardiovascular
7. Lymphatic
8. Respiratory
9. Digestive
10. Urinary
11. Reproductive
What is metformin in Spanish?
metformina
Directly increases the risk of coronary heart disease (heart attack) and stroke (brain attack).
Worsened by:
Roughly 1 in 5 US Hispanics/Latinos developed this disease with rates of incident substantially higher among Hispanics/Latinos of Caribbean background
What is Hypertension?
A nurse is caring for a patient with a chest tube. Which finding should be reported to the provider first?
A. 200 mL of bright red drainage in the past hour
B. Crepitus around the insertion site
C. Trachea shifted to the left
D. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
Correct Answer: C
Tracheal deviation = tension pneumothorax → airway/breathing emergency. This comes before circulation (blood loss).
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a laparotomy. The client has an indwelling urinary catheter and a Jackson-Pratt drain in place. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is developing a postoperative complication?
A. Pain scale score is 5 out of 10
B. Urine output is 65ml/hr
C. 20ml of bright red drainage from the drain
D. Pulse oximetry of 85%
D. Pulse oximetry of 85%
A client whose oxygen saturation is 85% indicates hypoxemia, and requires immediate intervention.
They expand during inhalation, taking in oxygen, and shrink during exhalation, expelling carbon dioxide. These tiny air sacs are the site where gas exchange between inspired air and the blood takes place.
Alveoli
Síntomas comunes de hipoglucemia:
Latido cardiaco, Hambre, Somnolencia, Sudor, Ansiedad, Temblores, Confusion, Mareos, Dolor de cabeza
The prevalence and incidence of this disease among the Hispanic population in the United States are higher than the national average. This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as lower income and decreased access to education and health care, as well as a genetic susceptibility to obesity and higher insulin resistance.
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient with emphysema who is short of breath while ambulating
B. A patient with a DVT complaining of leg pain and swelling
C. A patient with pneumonia who is anxious and has a respiratory rate of 32/min
D. A patient with a small pressure injury on the coccyx
Correct Answer: C
Anxiety + tachypnea in pneumonia may indicate hypoxemia (breathing problem) → priority over circulation (DVT) or skin integrity.
A nurse is admitting a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply)
A. Obtain the client's PT and INR
B. Administer lactulose 30mL PO 4 times daily
C. Obtain daily weight and abdominal girth measurements
D. Administer a daily multivitamin
E. Place the client on a low-protein diet
A. Obtain the client's PT and INR
B. Administer lactulose 30mL PO 4 times daily
C. Obtain daily weight and abdominal girth measurements
D. Administer a daily multivitamin
Cirrhosis interferes with the body's ability to produce clotting factors, placing the client at risk for hemorrhage. PT and INR are usually prolonged due to decreased synthesis of prothrombin. A client with cirrhosis is unable to eliminate ammonia from the body once protein is broken down. Therefore, lactulose is administered to increase client's production of stools which will eliminate the ammonia from the client's body.
The nurse should expect to take measurements to determine if ascites is increasing or decreasing. Cirrhosis leads to vitamin deficiencies. Client needs a diet rich in protein, especially vegetable proteins.
Describe the cardiac cycle (how blood flows through the body):
1. Superior Vena Cava / Inferior Vena Cava
2. Right Atrium -> Tricuspid -> Right Ventricle
3. Pulmonary valve -> Pulmonary arteries4. Pulmonary veins
5. Left atrium -> mitral valve -> left ventricle
6. aortic valve -> aorta