Chapter 1
The theories of migration regarding the first peoples of America include boats across the Bering Strait, the Pacific Coast Waterway, and ________.
Walking through the Ice-Free Corridor
This group of people were the first to send out explorers after new monarchies in Europe were formed.
The Portugese
What trade did almost all European groups want to dominate?
The Fur Trade
This is the term used to describe the portion of the journey Africans took when they crossed the Atlantic on slave voyages.
The Middle Passage
This famous series of events led to the execution of 20 people based on the fits and accusations of girls in New England.
The Salem Witch Trials
This led to more permanent settlements, warfare, and the development of social complexity.
Agriculture
This group of colonizers was said to be the more inclusive of all the groups, establishing relationships based on commerce instead of conquest.
The French
This is the difference between the Pilgrims and the Puritans.
The Pilgrims were separatists and the Puritans wanted to reform the Church
As the use and growth of these crops increased, so did slavery and the need for labor and agricultural experience.
Tobacco, Rice, Indigo
These were some of the ways African Americans developed a distinct culture.
Own form of marriage
Naming Practices
Kinship
Religion
Music
Creole/Language
Food
Material Culture
Architecture
Healing
Etc.
The Mogollon, Hohokam, Anasazi, and Pueblo all lived in this region.
The Southwest
The Columbian Exchanged shaped modern history by _________.
Exchanging Goods from both directions across the Atlantic.
Tobacco, indentured servitude, and interactions with the Powhatan Confederacy were some details of this region
The Chesapeake Bay
This place was a safe haven for runaway slaves from the British colonies and contained communities of free African Americans and Native Americans.
Florida
This term was coined for the 2 pronged destruction the Spanish wrecked on the Native Americans during contact. The 2 parts contributing to this annihilation were disease and weapons.
New cultural regions were shaped by these.
Climate Patterns/Regions
The Spanish built their New World Empire on the urban ruins of these people.
The Aztec and the Inca
These were the three main types of colonies in the Americas.
Royal, Charter, and Proprietary
These were some of the effects the Slave Trade had on Africa.
Depopulated
Lack of vital labor
Lack of soldiers
Lack of wealth
Gun Slave Cycle
Political and Economic Stagnation
For every African taken during war and raids another is killed
Opens Africa to 19th century colonization
This is thought to be the first culture in the Americas and is characterized by advanced fluted blades and lance points, foraging and hunting, and seasonal movement. The first evidence for this was found in New Mexico.
Clovis Culture
These two groups of Native Americans lived in the Eastern Woodlands and would go onto have contact, alliances, and clashes with Europeans.
Iroquois and Algonquians
There were many changes going on in Europe that factored into expansion and contact. Three of these were _________.
The Black Death
Religious changes (Protestant Reformation, Catholicism, etc.)
The Crusades
Intellectual and Technological Growth
The Renaissance/Humanism
New Monarchies
Access to new trading systems (Silk and Spice)
Enclosure Movement
Etc.
This alliance occurs between the Iroquois and the English colonists following King Philip’s War. It allows the Iroquois and English to dominate this area economically and politically
The Covenant Chain Alliance
These are the three reasons the Slave Trade was the foundation of the British economy.
-Generated huge profits that served as a source of investments
-Supplied raw cotton to fuel British industrialization
- Created colonial markets for manufactured goods and exports
This is the first document of self-governance found in colonial North America
The Mayflower Compact