"Ad" Fallacies
Induction/Deduction
Identify the Fallacy
Examples 1
Examples 2
100
Means an argument to (or about) the person
What is ad Hominem?
100
Moves from general or universal through a specific case
What is Deduction?
100
Occurs when a person argues something is immune from argument because an authority said it
What is argument from authority?
100
An example is the following: Major Premise: Carolina girls are awesome Minor Premise: Janice is a Carolina girl Conclusion: Janice is awesome
What is a syllogism?
100
I'd vote for Randy Jackson for Senator, but he hung out with socialists and hippies when he was young, so I'm gonna steer clear.
What is guilt by association?
200
an indirect attack on the logic of the argument that claims that the motivations for making the argument is more important than its logic
What is circumstantial ad hominem?
200
has a Major Premise, a Minor Premise, and a Conclusion
What is a syllogism?
200
referred to as the “bandwagon fallacy,” claims that something is true because it is widely believed to be true
What is Argumentum Ad Populum (or Appeal to Popularity
200
An example is "God exists—after all, the bible says it very clearly, and we can trust God’s word”
What is Begging the Question?
200
"you are with us or against us!"
What is False Dilemma?
300
It is an attack on the ethos of the speaker, to intimidate or shame them in front of an audience
What is abusive ad hominem?
300
it moves from particular cases to make
What is an induction?
300
a fallacy of causation: it argues that because one event happened after another, that the first event was the cause of the second
What is post-hoc fallacy? full=“Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc” which means “after the fact therefore because of the fact”
300
“like all failed programs of social engineering, the government’s healthcare program has hit some significant snags”
What is Poisoning the Well?
300
If you don't send your children to private school, they'll never get into Carolina, and if they don't get into Carolina, they'll never get a job, and if they never get a job, you'll be supporting them forever. So you better send them to private school.
What is Slippery Slope?
400
claims an argument is hypocritical
What is Tu Quoque
400
In evaluating syllogism, one must distinguish between these two things
What is/are validity and soundness?
400
poses two alternatives as the only options for answering a question or presumes that there are only two black and white positions that you can take on a question
What is False Dilemma?
400
My uncle Jeremy is a world-renowned physicist, and he's convinced that the Affordable Care Act requires death panels.
What is/are appeal[s] to authority?
400
"I think it's crazy that my doctor, who smokes cigarettes, tries to get me to quit smoking!"
What is Tu Quoque
500
does not indict an argument, but attempts to attack the ethos of the person who made it by pointing out that they have unsavory associations
What is guilt by association?
500
when a person fails to make a inductive generalization despite overwhelming evidence that calls for it
What is slothful induction?
500
Argues that because we have traditionally thought or habitually done something that we should continue to think about it or do it as we have
What is Ad Antiquitatem?
500
An overwhelming majority of UNC students prefer the iPhone to Android or Blackberry devices; iPhone must be the best phone.
What is Ad Populum?
500
I always dress up my dog Plato in UNC gear before every home game. This time, I didn't and the Tar Heels lost. I guess I'm cursed.
What is Post Hoc?
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