Fractures
Joints
Bone types
Bone development and formation
Bones
100
bone ends are out of normal position
nondisplaced
100
What is amphiathrotic, diathrotic, synarthrotic?
limited movement, freely movement, and immovable
100
What are the 2 main types of bone?
compact bone and cancellous/spongy
100
can be subdivided into 2 chemical componets- inorganic salt and oraganic matrix.
Bone Matrix
100
noncancellous portion of the bone that consists largely of concentric lamellar osteons and lamellae
Compact bone
200
What is the transverse fracture?
fracture is perpendicular to the long axis of the bone.
200
whar is an example of amphiathrotic?
ex: cartilage, ribs and sternum.
200
What is diaphysis and epiphysis?
Diaphysis- the shaft or central part of a long bone

Epiphysis- the end part of a long bone, mostly spongy

200
bone building
osteoblasts
200
basic unit of compact bone
Haversion system
300
Define complete and incomplete fractures.
complete- bone broken all the way through

incomplete- not broken all the way through

300
Diathrotic has 6 types of structure, what are they?
joint capsule

synovial membrane

cartiage

joint cavity

menisci

ligaments

bursa

300
Hard and dense bone that provide strenght, structure and mobility.
Long bone
300
Mature bone cells and eats the older bone
osteocytes and osteoclast
300
What is Cancellous/Spongy bone?
light and spongy

found end of the bone ribs,hips,sternum

Haversian system, highly vascular

400
this occurs in child-bone
greenstick
400
give and example of rotation and flexion
rotation- neck joint

flexion- knee elbow flexed

400
What is a short bone? Give and example.
cube shaped, and cancellous bone covered by compact bone. It has flexible movement.

Ex: carparls, tarsals


400
whic two bone are inner changable? and define them.
Osteogenisis and ossification are inner changable.

Osteogenisis is something being created and ossification is forming/changing of bone tissue.

400
Dense, fibrous membrane covering bone. Contains blood vessel. And essential for bone cell surviva; and bpne fomation.
Periosteum
500
caused by traction, bony fragment usually torn off by tendon of ligament
avulsion fracture.
500
what is the 3 planes multiaxial joints give one example for each.
ball and socket- hip

gliding- vertebrae

500
Define flat bones and Irregular bones. Give two example for each one.
Flat bones:

Protect vital organs and provide broad surface are for muscle attachment. Ex: scapula, sternum, ribs, cranial bones

Irregular:

Pecualiarly shaped- provide support and protection, allow flexibility. Ex: Vertebrae, ear, patella

500
What are the steps in fracture healing?
1. blood supply and type of fracture determines inflamation of fracture (hematoma formation)

2. blood clot forms (Granular tissue formation)

3. soft callus form (callus formation)

4. Callus hardens as osteblasts do their job. (Consolifation)

5. osteoclast remove dead/damaged bone as osteoblasts rebuild. (Remodeling)


500
a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullar cavity of long bones.
Endosteum
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