Skin Layers
Stratum Basle
Bottom most layer of epidermis.
New cells are pushed upward
As cells move up
Become flatter, fill with Keratin that will become hardened protective layer
Skin Cancer
Cancer - abnormal cell mass (tumor), cells divide without cell cycle control because of an accumulation of mutations
Two types
Benign
Does not spread (encapsulated/within a membrane)
Malignant
Metastasized (moves) to other parts of the body when cells break free
Arch
Least common
5%
sebaceous glands
Produce oil
Lubricant for skin
Kills bacteria
Most with ducts that empty into hair follicles
Glands are activated at puberty
Stratum Basale
Bottom most layer of epidermis.
New cells are pushed upward
As cells move up
Become flatter, fill with Keratin that will become hardened protective layer
Stratum Corneum
Top most layer of epidermis
prevents unwanted materials from entering and from excessive loss of water
basal cell carcinoma
Least malignant
Most common type
Arises from stratum basale
Most treatable (surgery or cell killing creams)
Loop
Most common
60-65%
Sweat Glands
The glands that secrete sweat, located in the dermal layer of the skin.
Function
Helps dissipate excess heat
Excretes waste products
Acidic nature inhibits bacterial growth
Odor is from associated bacteria
sebaceous glands
Produce oil
Lubricant for skin
Kills bacteria
Most with ducts that empty into hair follicles
Glands are activated at puberty
Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis)
It binds the skin to underlying organs and contains the blood vessels that supply the skin.
function is to store energy, connect dermis to muscles and bones, insulating body and protecting from harm
squamous cell carcinoma
Arises from stratum spinosum
Cells not normally dividing here
Metastasizes to lymph nodes
Early removal allows a good chance of cure
Latent Prints
Not term-37visible to naked eye
Must be treated to be seen
eccrine sweat glands
respond to body temperature.
Open via duct to pore on skin surface
Dermis
binds the epidermis to underlying tissues. Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae cause the border to be uneven.
2. function- supports and protects the skin and deeper layers
Reticular Layer of the Dermis
contained in the lower dermal area and helps in strengthening the skin, and providing structure and elasticity
melanoma
malignant tumor of melanocytes which are found predominantly in skin but also in the bowel and the eye
- could use ABCDs to diagnosis melanoma
A: asymmetry- one side or half does not look like the other B: border irregularity C: color-black, or much darker than patient's other moles, often with red, white or blue areas. D: diameter > 6 millimeters
Patent Prints
Visible to naked eye
Left behind in materials or on things
apocrine sweat glands
respond to body temperatures, stress, and sexual arousal.
Ducts empty into hair follicles
subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
dermisbinds the epidermis to underlying tissues. Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae cause the border to be uneven.
2. function- supports and protects the skin and deeper layerssubcutaneous layer (hypodermis)It binds the skin to underlying organs and contains the blood vessels that supply the skin.
function is to store energy, connect dermis to muscles and bones, insulating body and protecting from harm
Dermis
binds the epidermis to underlying tissues. Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae cause the border to be uneven.
2. function- supports and protects the skin and deeper layers
Tinea Corporis
ringworm of the body or pubic area. Superficial fungus infection. Caused by friction and excessive perspiration.
- direct or indirect contact with persons or articles of person infected.
- symptoms: red, scaly patches, tiny vesicles, moist and crusted, Itchy!
Whorl
30-35%
Purpose
Produces and releases substances that perform a specific function in the body
reticular layer of the dermis
contained in the lower dermal area and helps in strengthening the skin, and providing structure and elasticity