Review
What are the Proximal Attachments for Trapezius?
Medial third of the superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, external occipital protuberance, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
What are the SITS muscles?
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
What muscle group/type attaches to the lateral epicondyle? (Bonus: What muscle group/type attaches to the medial epicondyle?)
Extensors (Bonus: Flexors)
What nerve innervates most of the hand muscles?
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
What nerve runs unprotected down the medial side of the arm and has innervation from C8-T1?
Ulnar Nerve
What is the nerve innervation for Levator Scapulae (plus nerve levels)?
Cervical Nerves (C3-C4) & Dorsal Scapular (C4-C5)
What is the nerve innervation for Serratus Anterior (plus nerve levels)?
Long Thoracic Nerve (C5-C7)
What is the action(s) of the supinator?
What is the nerve innervation for the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?
Superficial Head - Recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8-T1)
Deep Head - Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
What artery branches off the axillary artery and becomes the thoracodorsal artery? (Bonus: What other artery branches off of that artery?)
Subscapular Artery (Bonus: Circumflex Scapular Artery)
What muscle(s) attaches to the medial border of the scapula superior to the root of the scapular spine?
Levator Scapulae
What muscle(s) does lateral rotation of the arm and acts with other muscles?
Infraspinatus, Teres Minor
What are the 4 muscles that have innervation from the Deep Branch of the Radial Nerve (C7 - C8)?
Extensor Digitorum, ECRB, ECU, Supinator
What is the action(s) for Palmar Interossei (1-3)?
Abducts 2nd, 4th, 5th digits from axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joint; and extends interphalangeal joints; extensor expansion of 2nd-4th digits
What does the axillary artery eventually become? (Bonus: what do those branches become?)
Brachial and Deep Brachial Artery (Bonus: Brachial branches into Radial & Ulnar Arteries, Deep Brachial branches into radial collateral and the interosseous recurrent artery)
What are the actions of the Rhomboids (Minor & Major)?
Retracts scapula, rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly, & fixes scapula to thoracic wall.
Subscapularis (Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerve, C5-C7)
What is the action for Flexor Digitorum Superficialis? (Bonus: What is the action for Flexor Digitorum Profundus?)
Flexes middle phalanges at the proximal interphalangeal joints of the middle four digits ; flexes proximal phalanges of the metacarpophalangeal joints.
[Bonus: flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 at distal interphalangeal joints (medial) ; flexes distal phalanges 2 and 3 at distal interphalangeal joints (lateral)]
What muscles oppose the thumb?
Adbuctor Pollicus Brevis, Opponens Pollicis
What nerve is a continuation of the deep radial nerve? (Bonus: What nerve is a continuation of the median nerve?)
Posterior Interosseous Membrane (Bonus: Anterior Interosseous Membrane)
What muscle(s) are innervated by the Dorsal Scapular nerve (C4-C5)?
Levator Scapulae, Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor
What are the proximal attachments for Pectoralis Major (Bonus: For the purpose of practice, which heads have what attachment)?
Clavicular Head - anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle
Sternoclavicular Head - anterior surface of the sternum, superior six costal cartilages, and external oblique muscles via aponeurosis.
List out the full nerve innervation and actions for the Extensor Pollicus Longus and Brevis.
They share a common innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve (C7-C8) as a continuation of the deep radial nerve.
EPL: extends distal phalanx at interphalangeal joint; extends metacarpophalangeal joint and carpometacarpal joints
EPB: extends proximal phalanx at metacarpophalangeal joints; extends carpometacarpal joints
What two cervical levels innervate all of the hand muscles?
C8 & T1
Draw the Brachial Plexus & Axillary Artery (with all branches and labels).
N/A - look at your notes, sorry lol