human bio 1

That's a Thinker

100

This fatty substance coats the nerve axon to protect and insulate 

Myelin sheath

200

This process occurs when neurotransmitters diffuse across a synaptic cleft and bind to specific receptors to trigger an impulse in the post-synaptic neuron

Transmission across a synapse

300

These structures are found in the nose, mouth, brainstem and aortic and carotid bodies and are triggered by chemical changes

Chemoreceptors

400

This structure bridges the gap between the left and right hemispheres of the brain

Corpus Callosum 

500

This element of the nervous system increases heart rate, decreases digestion, relaxes bladder muscles and releases adrenaline  

Sypathetic Nervous System 

Gland Theft Auto

100

This system is a group of glands that secretes chemicals into the blood

Endocrine system 

200

This type of hormone is lipid soluable, slow acting and can diffuse across the cell membrane to bind to a receptor protein in the cytoplasm or nucleus

Steroid

300

This process occurs after a hormone has taken effect, where the hormone is broken down in the liver or kidneys and excreted in bile or urine

Hormone Clearance

400

This gland produces its own hormones and is controlled by releasing and inhibiting factors secreted by the hypothalamus. It is connected to the hypothalamus by blood vessels only.

Anterior pituitary

500

Damage to the pineal gland may result in this

Trouble sleeping

Sick Moves

100

Any organism capable of causing disease

Pathogen

200

These prokaryotic, unicellular organisms don't have any membrane bound organelles 

Bacteria

300

This chemical barrier is found in tears, saliva, sweat, nose secretions and tissue fluid

Lysozyme

400

These specialised white blood cells engulf and digest pathogens, release cytokines and fight chronic infections

Macrophages

500

This type of immunity involves lymphocytes that mature in the thymus and attack pathogens inside the cell 

Cell Mediated immunity

Too Hot to Handle

100

The process by which the body maintains a constant internal environment 

Homeostasis

200

This hormone is released by alpha cells when blood glucose levels are LOW

Glucagon

300

These are two ways to reduce heat loss in response to cold

Piloerection and vasoconstriction

400

This hormone decreases the reabsorption of potassium in the proiximal and distal tubules and increases reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubule to move more water into the blood 

Aldosterone 

500

A small increase in this substance in the blood will cause an increase in hydrogen ions and trigger a large increase in breathing rate and depth

Carbon Dioxide

Shooting Up

100

An example of this type of immunity is a vaccination of antigenic material

Artificial Active

200

This type of vaccine contains fragments of a microorganism and is used for hepatitis B

Sub Unit vaccine

300

This type of antibiotic inhibits the synthesis of a cell wall or other membranes, or inhibits enzyme activity

Bactericidal 

400

This technology involves peices of DNA being broken and recombined to replace faulty genes and treat cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and some cancers

Recombinant DNA Technology

500

This technology controversially uses embryonic stem cells to replace dying or damaged tissue with healthy new cells - often to treat neurodegenerative disorders

Stem cell replacement therapy