Blood
About 55% of blood is _____________________
Plasma
What is the primary function of capillaries
Exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and tissues
Antibiotics are most likely to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by
bacteria
Ventilation refers to the process by which
Air moves in and out of the lungs
HIV is classified as a retrovirus because
it makes a DNA copy of its RNA once inside the host cell.
What is the function of albumin proteins
maintains blood volume
What is the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart and produces lubricant for heart contraction is the
pericardium
Once a prion enters a nerve cell, it essentially
becomes self-propagating, causing misfolding of nearby normal proteins.
During the ingestion of food or liquid, which one of the following tips to block the opening to the trachea?
the epiglottis
E
When the hormone erythropoietin is released in response to low oxygen levels, where is it transported to stimulate red blood cell production?
red bone marrow
Why does the left ventricle have a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart
It must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood into the aorta and throughout the body.
The release of chemicals from injured cells triggers histamine release from
mast cells
Why is there a small amount of fluid contained in the pleural cavity
to act as a lubricant as the lungs move during ventilation
What is the function of lymph nodes
They filter lymph fluid, trapping microorganisms and abnormal cells.
Which one of the following populations of cells is most markedly increased during bacterial infections?
Neutrophils
Which one of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
D
What type of leukocyte is most likely to be directly involved in the destruction of flukes (a parasitic flatworm)?
Eosinophils
Arrange the following entries in the order in which air contacts them as air is drawn into the body. a. trachea b. bronchiole c. pharynx d. alveoli e. larynx
c, e, a, b, d
When the force of blood on the walls of blood vessels drops below normal, the condition is referred to as
hypotension
what are 4 ways blood functions to help the body maintain homeostasis
moving carbon dioxide away from cells following completion of aerobic metabolism, transporting amino acids and other nutrients derived from digestion to all tissues in the body, transporting hormones and other chemical messengers throughout the body from their point of secretion to their targets, regulating the pH of body fluids
The "lub" of the lub-DUB sounds heard through a stethoscope when listening to the heart is produced by the
closing of the two atrioventricular valves.
Once a macrophage engulfs a bacterium, what happens to the foreign cell?
The bacterium is killed by digestive enzymes released from lysosomes.
During inspiration, intercostal muscles function to
pull the rib cage up and out, so that lung volume increases.
Removal of the heme group from hemoglobin would result in
red blood cells being unable to bind oxygen