HEART
This structure is known as the heart’s natural pacemaker.
What is the SA node?
These blood vessels carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
This fluid circulates through lymphatic vessels.
What is lymph?
This process allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exchanged in the lungs.
What is gas exchange?
This organ produces bile and helps detoxify the blood.
What is the liver?
These are the three layers of the heart wall.
What are the endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium?
Describe the structure and function of arteries.
What are thick‑walled, elastic vessels that carry blood under high pressure away from the heart?
These immune cells help destroy infected or abnormal cells.
What are T cells?
Name one structure of the upper respiratory system.
What is the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx?
These nutrients provide energy and include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
What are macronutrients?
This term describes one complete heartbeat, including filling and pumping.
What is the cardiac cycle?
These vessels have valves and return blood back to the heart.
What are veins?
This immune response causes redness, warmth, swelling, and pain.
What is inflammation?
These muscles assist breathing during exercise or respiratory distress.
What are accessory muscles?
This nutrient helps with digestion and prevents constipation.
What is fiber?
two heart valves and their locations.
These tiny vessels allow gas, nutrient, and waste exchange.
What are capillaries?
This type of disease occurs when the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues.
What is an autoimmune disease?
This condition refers to air trapped in the chest cavity.
What is pneumothorax?
This condition is inflammation of the bladder.
What is cystitis?
This valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.
What is the aortic valve?
This is a weakened, bulging area in an artery that may rupture.
What is an aneurysm?
Name two autoimmune diseases discussed in class.
What are SLE (lupus) and MS (multiple sclerosis)?
Match the term: slow breathing rate.
What is bradypnea?
This urinary term means little urine output.
What is oliguria?