Nervous System
What is the body's main control center?
The brain
What is the name of the enzyme in saliva that helps break down starch?
Amylase
Which part of the nervous system usually controls a reflex arc before the brain processes the information?
Spinal Cord
What is the main function of neurons in the nervous system?
Transmit electrical signals/messages in the body
The brain is part of which system?
Nervous
Name the two main parts of the nervous system.
The Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System
Enzymes are biological __________ that speed up chemical reactions.
Catalysts
What type of neuron carries messages from receptors to the spinal cord?
Sensory neuron
Which part of a neuron receives incoming messages from other neurons?
Dendrites
Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
Cerebellum
What is the function of the spinal cord?
The spinal cord transmits messages between the brain and the rest of the body.
What happens to an enzyme if the temperature becomes too high and changes its shape?
Denaturation
In a reflex arc, what is the name of the muscle or gland that responds to the signal?
Effector
What is the long extension of a neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body?
Axon
Which part of the brain controls breathing, heart rate, and other automatic functions?
Brain Stem
What is the role of the neurotransmitters in the nervous system?
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons.
The substance an enzyme acts on is called the ________.
substract
Place these parts of a reflex arc in the correct order: sensory neuron, receptor, motor neuron, spinal cord, effector.
receptor → sensory neuron → spinal cord → motor neuron → effector?
What is the small gap called between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released?
Synapse
What is the largest part of the brain called?
Cerebrum
The fight or flight response is the body's reaction to stress. It triggers the release of adrenaline, preparing the body to fight or flee.
What are the names of the two types of enzyme-controlled metabolic reactions where one breaks molecules apart and the other builds molecules together?
Anabolic and catabolic reactions
Why are reflex actions important for survival and protection of the body?
Because reflex actions allow the body to respond quickly to danger before the brain fully processes the situation, helping prevent injury.
What is the role of the myelin sheath surrounding some neurons?
Because the myelin sheath insulates the neuron and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses.
Which side of the brain mainly controls the muscles on the right side of the body?
Left