The Brain
What is found in the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
The basic functional unit of the nervous system
Neuron
Neurotransmitter found in the brain, promotes the formation of neuron connections
Glutamate
Multiple sclerosis
Neurological disorder that progressively destroys the myelin sheath of the CNS neurons
Responsible for emotional experiences
Limbic system
Increase surface area of cerebral cortex to fit into skull
CNS structure that relays signals between two neurons
Interneuron
Increases the length of time that serotonin stays in the synaptic cleft?
Reuptake inhibitor
The nervous impulse would go slower
Frontal lobe
Damage to the hippocampus may result in what?
Inability to store long term memories
Unmyelinated region on the axon where an action potential occurs
Node of Ranvier
Neurotransmitters
Chemical messengers that are released into the synaptic cleft and carry the signal to a receiving dendrite
Epilepsy
Seizures and abnormal brain electrical dischargers
Breathing and heart rate
Medulla oblongata
Dense bundles of nerve fibers connecting the right and left hemispheres?
Corpus callosum
Part of the neuron that contains neurotransmitter receptor proteins?
Dendrite
Dopamine does what in the brain?
A reward pathway to reinforce survival behavior, pleasure
Loss of neurons that release acetylcholine. Results in confusion, memory loss and intellectual ability.
Alzheimer's disease
Efferent (motor) neuron
Sends information from the CNS to muscles, organs or glands
Phineas Gage received damage to his frontal lobe; what symptoms did he show?
Na+/K+ pump
Membrane protein responsible for maintaining and restoring membrane resting potential
What is the role of excitatory neurotransmitters in neural signaling
Enhance the likelihood of a neuron generating an action potential
Symptoms in a person with ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
Weakening muscles, cognitive decline, slurred speech, twitching, balance
Membrane protein responsible for repolarization
K+ channel (potassium)