Excretory System
Function of the excretory system
Getting rid of waste
Function of the digestive system
To break down larger molecules to get nutrients
Function of the circulatory system
To transport molecules (O2, CO2, glucose) through the blood
Function of the immune system
To fight/prevent disease
This means a balanced state in the human body (a disruption of THIS is caused by disease)
homeostasis
List 2 waste products the body needs to get rid of
carbon dioxide
urine
Why do foods need to be digested?
To break down small enough to enter the blood stream
Function of the respiratory system
To intake O2 and get rid of CO2
The human immune system fights infection by making ...
antibodies
Why would someone with sickle cell anemia feel tired?
RBCs cannot carry enough oxygen to make ATP
Sugar in the urine is a symptom of which condition?
Diabetes
What small molecule do carbohydrates break down into?
glucose
What blood vessels:
1. take oxygenated blood away from the heart/lungs
2. bring de-oxygenated blood back to the heart/lungs
1. arteries
2. veins
white blood cells
What condition would most likely result in a human body being unable to defend itself against pathogens?
HIV
What do the kidneys do?
Filter blood
What foods have a high glycemic index? What about a low GI?
High: cake, cookies, white bread
Low: chicken, vegetables, brown rice
Write out the cellular respiration equation
O2 + glucose --> ATP + CO2 + H2O
Cells of the immune system are able to respond to the presence of invading organisms because they recognize the ________ on a pathogen
antigen
What condition results in low white blood cells?
HIV
What 2 body systems interact in the kidneys?
Excretory and circulatory
Name the 4 types of macromolecules
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats/Lipids, Nucleic Acids
This is where gas exchange happens between the lungs and the blood.
Alveoli
Explain how a vaccine works (what it contains and how our immune response reacts)
A vaccine contains a dead/weakened version of a pathogen/virus
Our body recognizes the antigens on the pathogen and our WBCs make antibodies to fight it off
Memory cells remember the specific disease to fight it off in the future
Someone with Type 1 diabetes does not have THIS hormone/protein, preventing them from lowering their blood sugar.
Insulin