Birth and the Newborn
This structure releases an egg during ovulation and also produces hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
What are the ovaries?
This term describes the emotional bond that develops from an infant’s need for safety and security, central to the work of John Bowlby.
What is attachment.
What are the two types of variables stated in a hypothesis?
What is Independent and Dependent.
Difference between stage vs continuous theories.
Stage theories assume that developmental change often occurs in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from each other, and in a set, universal sequence.
Continuous development is a more slow gradual process. For instance, they would see the adult as not possessing new skills, but more advanced skills that were already present in some form in the child.
Define comorbidity.
is the presence of two or more distinct diseases, disorders, or chronic medical conditions in an individual simultaneously.
This term refers to the opening or widening of the cervix during the first stage of labor.
What is dilation?
In the Strange Situation, infants with this attachment style show distress when the caregiver leaves but are easily comforted upon return.
What is secure attachment.
Find the independent and dependent variables in the following experiment: If you increase the number of times you practice shooting free-throws, then you will increase your chances of making a basket every time.
What is Independent- practice shooting free throws, Dependent- making baskets.
In Erikson's Identity vs. Role Confusion, what is an adolescence main task?
An adolescent’s main task is developing a sense of self. Adolescents struggle with questions such as “Who am I?” and “What do I want to do with my life?”
This concept developed by Lev Vygotsky describes the range between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with guidance.
What is the zone of proximal development.
This structure connects the developing fetus to the placenta, allowing oxygen and nutrients to pass between mother and baby.
What is the umbilical cord?
This attachment style is marked by infants who show little emotion when a caregiver leaves and avoids them upon return.
What is avoidant attachment.
In an experiment what are the variables that are not being studied that are held constant so that they do not influence the experimental outcome called?
What is Control.
The infant begins to interact with objects in the environment. At first the infant interacts with objects (e.g., a crib mobile) accidentally, but then these contacts with the objects are deliberate and become a repeated activity. Which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages is this?
What is Substage 3: Secondary Circular Reactions (4-8 months)
This attachment style is characterized by inconsistent caregiver responses, leading infants to display both clinginess and difficulty being soothed. In adulthood this can look like constant need for reassurance and fear of abandonment.
What is anxious attachment.
This scoring system is used immediately after birth to assess a newborn’s heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflex response, and color.
What is the APGAR score?
In attachment research, this term refers to using a caregiver as a point of safety from which a child can explore their environment.
What is a secure base.
this measurement approach measures the same variable in different groups of people at one point in time
What is cross-sectional
In Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, this system includes immediate environments like family and school.
What is the microsystem?
This stage in Erik Erikson’s theory centers on developing trust when caregivers are consistently responsive in infancy.
What is trust vs. mistrust.
This reflex causes a newborn to turn their head toward a touch on the cheek, helping them find food.
What is the rooting reflex?
A caregiver enforces strict rules with little warmth, discourages emotional expression, and responds to distress with control rather than comfort; in the framework of Diana Baumrind and observed in the Strange Situation, the child shows minimal distress during separation and avoids the caregiver upon return—this pairing best identifies the parenting style and resulting attachment classification.
What are authoritarian parenting and avoidant attachment?
List all six steps of the scientific method.
What is Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Observe and Record, Analyze Results, Share Results.
An infant no longer searches for a toy after it is hidden, even though it was just seen moments earlier; according to Jean Piaget, this behavior reflects a limitation in this foundational cognitive skill, which is typically acquired during the sensorimotor stage and marks a major shift in how infants understand the world.
What is object permanence?
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1yZwmFZ4xfUEwz56VxStFo9Rq7eAhmAjyIpGUzzQFKxY/edit?usp=sharing
Is this a negative or positive correlation?
What is negative correlation.