Definitions
Define habitat.
The place where an organism lives.
What are the four layers of the Earth, in order of outer layer to inner layer?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
What are the three types of adaptations?
Structural, behavioural, physiological.
What is the name of the one giant landmass that all continents were a part of?
Pangea.
Define photosynthesis.
The process plants use to make food from sunlight.
Define community.
Several different species living together in one area.
What is the name of the phenomenon where the Earth's continents separated from one giant landmass?
Continental drift.
Define physiological adaptation.
Internal or cellular features that help the organism to survive.
Describe natural selection.
Organisms with traits that help them survive reproduce and pass on those traits.
Define respiration.
The process in which living things use oxygen to release energy from their food.
Define ecosystem.
Where living things interact with each other and their environment.
What causes continental drift?
Convection currents in the mantle
Ducks have webbed feet that help them swim in order to avoid predators and catch food. What type of adaptation is this?
Structural adaptation.
Name three common mammalian pests that humans have introduced into New Zealand.
Possum, rat, weasel, stoat, ferret
What is the movement of water down a concentration gradient called?
Osmosis.
Define producer.
An organism that makes its own food instead of eating other organisms - plants.
What is the inner core made of?
Made mainly of iron.
Reptiles are cold-blooded so the have to move into and out of sunlight to regulate their body temperature. What type of adaptation is this?
Behavioural.
What are three advantages of being a flightless bird?
Saves energy for other life processes, avoid aerial predators, easier to catch food that is found on the ground.
What is the word equation for respiration?
Oxygen + Glucose --> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
Define kaitiakitanga
Guardianship, stewardship, and protection of the environment.
What are three pieces of evidence that scientists used to prove continental drift had occurred?
Physical shape of continents, the distribution of fossils, and similar rock layers in various places.
Camels have the ability to make their urine very concentrated to avoid wasting water. What type of adaptation is this?
Physiological.
What are three common conservation methods New Zealand uses?
Tracking and monitoring, fencing, translocating, trapping, reserves, environment clean ups.
How does carbon dioxide get in the plant. (three key words needed here)
The leaf contains cells which have stomata and carbon dioxide diffuses (high concentration to low concentration) into the cell.