Terminology
____ refers to existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.
Inherent
Which human rights article in the UDHR introduces the concept of dignity?
Article 1:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
This person stressed the importance of socio-economic rights.
Karl Marx
How many major human rights controversies did we learn about?
Six
What does it mean for human rights to be relative?
___ refers to "all human kind".
Community
Who are the "savages" within the SVS metaphor?
States, cultures or ideologies that differ from the West.
Who introduced the idea of cultural relativism?
Edmund Burke
Name three of the main controversies in human rights. (Answers are in ____ vs. ____ format)
Religion vs. Secular View
Eurocentrism vs. Pluralism
Socialism vs. Liberalism
Cultural Relativism vs. Universalism
Reality vs. Ideals / Security vs. Human Rights
Progress vs. Neo-Imperialism
Explain the concept of dignity.
The quality of a person that makes him or her deserving of respect.
____ refers to "evaluating other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture."
Ethnocentrism
Who is the "saviors" within the SVS metaphor?
The Western actors who force change within a differing state or culture so people will live in a more 'civilized' and 'right' way.
Who introduced the idea of Utilitarianism?
Jeremy Bentham
Reality vs. ideals refers to which major controversy?
Historical Progress
Explain the concept of "Eurocentric Universalism"?
A universalist narrative that advocates for the imitation of a Western model based on “Western values” in different cultures and sates around the world.
____ refers to "existing everywhere or involving everyone".
Universal
Who are the "victims" within the SVS metaphor?
The people within a state or culture who are 'forced' to live in an 'uncivilized' way.
Who showed us that in human rights the meaning of universalism can be compatible with relativism?
Jack Donnelly
____ vs. ____ refers to the second controversy which concerns the claim that our modern conception of rights, wherever in the world it may be voiced, is predominantly European in origin.
Eurocentrism vs. Pluralism
What do positivists claim?
That human dignity is an illusion that has infiltrated the human rights thought.
___ refers to "true to a particular degree when compared with other things".
Relative
The concept of ____ believes that there are merely grand narratives in the (one-sided/biased) construction of history.
Postmodernism
Who taught us that human dignity is not based on human properties but instead on humans in relation to other humans?
Fischer
____ vs. ____ refers to the sixth controversial debate which is over whether globalization is a boon or a threat from a human rights perspective.
Progress vs. Neo-Imperialism
Explain the Savages, Victims, & Saviors metaphor.
A Western narrative that depicts other states or cultures as being "savages", the people within those states as being "victims" because they have to live in a 'uncivil' way and the West is a "savior" for forcing those states to change their 'wrong' ways of living.