Self-Actualization
What is a self-actualized person?
Someone who is fully functioning.
What school of thought is Carl Rogers theory from?
Humanistic
What is person-centered therapy?
Focusing on the person's subjective view of the world.
What is the biggest similarity between these two theorists?
They both focus on the individual.
What two specific areas could this theory be applied?
1) Education
2) Therapy
What three parts make up Carl Rogers self-concept?
1) Self-worth: What we feel we deserve in life.
2) Self-image (esteem): mental representation of self. Good or bad, successful or unsuccessful.
3) Ideal Self- Goals and ambitions throughout life. Who we want to be in our mind.
What level of theory is Carl Rogers's Humanistic Learning Theory?
Mid-range
What is the most important thing for person-centered therapy according to Rogers?
The therapeutic relationship.
How are Penders theory and Roger's theory holistic?
How could an ARNP use this theory?
Build strong patient relationships by offering empathy and unconditional positive regard.
What is congruence and incongruence?
Congruence is when a person's ideal self and experience match.
Incongruence is when there is a difference between self-perception and experience.
An environment that provides genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.
What are the three basic principles of person-centered therapy?
1) Congruency (genuineness) between the therapist and client.
2) Unconditional Positive Regard
3) Empathy
Both Pender and Rogers talked about "self." What were those selves?
Pender- Self-efficacy
Rogers- Self-actualization
How does this theory help an ARNP individually?
Self-reflection and the pursuit of self-actualization.
What does it mean to be a fully functioning person?
Someone who listens to feedback, both positive and negative emotions are accepted, no ego-based defense mechanism.
What other humanistic theorist believed in self-actualization?
Abraham Maslow
What is Unconditional Positive Regard?
Acceptance of the client as they are and ignoring personal bias.
How are these theorists person-centered?
Pender- personalized health promotion strategies.
Rogers- inner personal growth.
How can an ARNP use this theory to provide holistic care to all patient demographics?
Provide unconditional positive regard when discussing patients' problems and worries.
What are the 5 parts that make up a Fully Functioning Person, according to Rogers?
1) Open to experience
2) Existential living
3) Trusts their feelings
4) Creativity
5) Fulfilled life
What are the two main concepts of Rogers theory?
1) Acceptance
2) Support
What are some common person-centered therapy techniques?
1) Set boundaries - time limits and discussion topics.
2) The client is the expert on themself.
3) Do not be judgmental
4) Do not make decisions for them; talk with the client about the consequences.
5) Be genuine
6) Accept negative emotion
7) No person-centered counselor succeeds every time.
What factor is considered key on both of these theorist's work?
Psychological.
Pender- motivation, barriers, and attitudes.
Rogers- acceptance and empathy.
Personal Connection
The personal connection I made was to week two and the discussion post, Knowledge Development in Nursing, specifically Kuhns's "Theory of Scientific Paradigms." With Kuhns's theory, I learned how science is built on a certain set of assumptions and how these assumptions are necessary for development. In the same way, Roger's theory assumes that the clients are the experts on themselves. By accepting this assumption, person-centered therapy can be applied; person-centered therapy would be impossible without this assumption.