Existentialism & Phenomenology
What does 'thrown-ness' mean?
The circumstances and era into which you are born, shaping your experience.
What is self-actualization?
The drive to fulfill one’s potential and grow as a person.
What are personal constructs?
Bipolar dimensions people use to interpret the world.
What are the six core virtues identified by positive psychology?
Courage, justice, humanity, temperance, wisdom, transcendence.
What is flow?
A state of total engagement where time seems to disappear.
What emotion results from realizing life’s meaninglessness?
Angst – existential anxiety about purpose.
What is unconditional positive regard?
Accepting and valuing someone without conditions or judgment.
What test did Kelly design?
The Role Construct Repertory (Rep) Test.
How does positive psychology differ from traditional psychology?
It studies well-being and strengths, not just disorders.
When do people experience flow?
When skill and challenge are perfectly balanced.
Define 'bad faith.'
Avoiding existential questions by living superficially or unthinkingly.
What’s the top of Maslow’s hierarchy?
Self-actualization (and later, transcendence).
What’s the 'sociality corollary'?
Understanding others means grasping their unique construct systems.
Define 'optimistic toughness.'
Courage to face life’s challenges and find meaning.
How is mindfulness defined?
Being fully aware and attentive to present thoughts and sensations.
What is 'authentic existence'?
Facing life’s realities honestly and seeking personal meaning.
Why is Rogers’ therapy called 'client-centered'?
It emphasizes empathy and the client’s own experience rather than the therapist’s direction.
Define 'constructive alternativism.'
The idea that any experience can be interpreted in multiple valid ways.
What is the goal of positive psychology?
To promote human flourishing and happiness.
Why doesn’t flow work for everyone?
Some lack a strong locus of control or prefer external stimulation.
How do Eastern views like 'anatta' differ from Western existentialism?
They see the self as interconnected and impermanent, not individualistic.
Name two criticisms of Maslow’s hierarchy.
It’s culturally biased and not empirically supported as a strict order.
How are maximizers and satisficers different?
Maximizers seek the best and feel regret; satisficers accept 'good enough' and are happier.
Give a real-life example of eudaimonic happiness.
Volunteering or creating art for personal growth rather than reward.
How does awe influence humility?
It reminds people of their smallness and connection to something larger.